文档介绍：Journal of Accounting, Ethics & Public Policy
Volume 3, Number 1 (Winter 2003), pp. 1-26
Ayn Rand and Contemporary Business Ethics
Stephen R. C. Hicks
Introduction: business and the free society
Advocates of the free society think of business as an integral part of the
dynamic, progressive society they advocate. In the West, the rise of a culture
hospitable to business has unleashed incalculable productive energies.
Business professionals have taken the products of science and revolutionized
the fields of agriculture, transportation, and medicine. Business professionals
have taken the products of art and dramatically increased our access to them.
We have more food, we are more mobile, we have more health care, we have
more access to works of fiction, theater, and music than anyone could
reasonably have predicted a few centuries ago. The result of business in the
West, and more recently in parts of the East, has been an enormous rise in the
standard of human living. We have gone, in the space of a few centuries, from
a time in which perhaps 10% of the population fortably while 90%
lived near subsistence to a time in which 90% live better fortably and
10% live near subsistence. And we haven’t given up on the remaining 10%.
Intellectuals who study the free society have, in the fields of economics
and politics, a good understanding of what makes this possible:
individualism. In economics there exists a well worked out understanding of
how, starting with autonomous individuals engaging in voluntary
transactions, goods, services, and information flow efficiently to where they
are needed. In politics there exists a good understanding of how protecting
individual rights and limiting government power prevent the arbitrariness
and stultification that suppress individuals’ creativity and incentive in all
areas of life. This is not to say that individualist theories in economics and
politics have carr