文档介绍：文章编号:1008-181X(2001)02-0143-06
土壤中氧化亚氮的产生及减少排放量的措施
王彩绒,田霄鸿,李生秀
(西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌 712100)
摘要:氧化亚氮(N2O)是大气中的一种痕量气体,也是一种重要的温室效应气体,还可使臭氧层遭到破坏。大气中N2O浓度呈不断上升趋势,其上升与人类活动关系极大,对环境的潜在破坏性也愈加严重。土壤是N2O的重要产生源,土壤中的硝化作用和反硝化作用是N2O的主要生成过程。过量施用氮肥、含氮有机物燃烧、毁林开荒等人类活动对N2O释放增加的影响不容忽视。人类应采取各项可行的措施来减少N2O的释放量:如提高氮肥利用效率,减少生物体燃烧,退耕还林和保护森林资源等。
关键词:N2O释放;环境效应;土壤;减少对策
中图分类号:X144 文献标识码:A
Nitrous oxide emissions from soils and strategy for reducing N2O emission
WANG Cai-rong, TIAN Xiao-hong, LI Sheng-xiu
(College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Northwest Sci-tech University of Agriculture and Forestry, Shaanxi Yangling, 712100, China)
Abstract: Nitrous oxide(N2O) is a trace gas in the atmosphere ,which contributes both to the greenhouse effect and to the destruction of stratospheric ozone. Its concentration in the atmosphere shows increasing tendency apparently, and the increase is closely related to human beings activities, and this has great potential destruction to the environment. Soils are the very important source for N2O emissions. A series of factors influence rates of the two microbial processes (nitrification and denitrification ) that produce N2O in the soil. Effects of over-fertilization of N, burning of nitrogen-anic matter and deforesting on N2O emissions should not be neglected. For this reason, it is necessary to take measures reducing N2O emissions, including improving the