文档介绍：比较文学与外国文学的学科界限及比较文学学科定位
[摘要]比较文学与外国文学的学科合并带来了许多问题,其中最为突出的是关于学科范围的纷争。本文引入释义学视角试图解决这一问题,并进一步对比较文学学科方法与研究程式进行探讨。哲学释义学认为一切阐释都是从前结构出发,是基于前结构的创造活动。本文指出由于传统的变迁,当下中国人的思维方式发生了重大变化,中国人研究外国文学并不一定就是文化交流,这构成了比较文学与外国文学分野的基础。在面对他者本文时,调动他者文化对他者本文进行阐释属于外国文学研究;而充分调动前结构中的传统文化阐释他者本文,从而跨入阐释学的横向地带,在问答逻辑中达到视域融合是比较文学的学科特征.
[关键词]学科界限;前结构;视域融合
Abstract:bination parative Literature and Foreign Literature as one discipline has brought many problems, among which one of the most protruding one is the dispute of the boundary between the two. In a hermeneutic perspective, this paper attempts to make clear of the boundary in dispute and make a further study of the discipline method and paradigm parative Literature. Philosophical hermeneutics holds the view that all hermeneutic activities that start from fore-structure of human beings are creative in essence. The author points out that because of the changes of the traditional culture, the thinking way of Chinese at present has also changed greatly. Therefore, the study of foreign literature of Chinese is not necessarily cultural exchanges. This point consti- tutes the foundation of the distinction parative Literature and Foreign Literature. In the face of Other’s text, to interpret it by drawing the fore-struc- ture of Other’s culture belongs to the study of Foreign Literature; while to interpret it by drawing traditional culture and step into hermeneutic horizontal area and reach horizon fusion in the logic of question and answer are the characteristi
cs parative Literature.
Key words:discipline boundary; fore-structure; horizon fusion
1998年,比较文学与世界文学作为一个新的学科在中国高等院校中文系诞生了,成为中国语言文学的二级学科。学科合并一方面使从事比较文学研究的人成倍增长,比较文学的地位得以提高;另一方面,也给比较文学界和外国文学界带来了诸多烦恼,激发了许多学者对其深思、探讨。2000年,《外国文学研究》杂志设置了“学科建设研讨专题”的专栏,对“‘比较文学与世界文学’学科的有关问题开展了讨论”[1];2002年,在中国外国文学学会第七届年会期间,几位学者就“学科建设与教学研究”进行了座谈[2];2003年,第二界“北大-复旦比较文学学术论坛”对学科合并及带来的问题进行了深入的探讨[3];2004年,在首届中国比较文学高层论坛中,学者们继续就此话题进行讨论[4]。对于学科合并,学界有不同的观点:有的学者对合并表示了认同,不过认为比较文学与外国文学是两个有各自不同特征的学科[5];有的学者认为外国文学就是比较文学[6];另外一些学