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高一英语阅读理解专讲专练含答案及解析十
推理
推理是在理解文章表面文字信息的基础上,作出一定的判断和推论,从而得到文章的隐含意义的方法。有时作者并未把意图说出来,我们可根据字面意思,通过研究语篇的逻辑关系和细节的暗示,来推敲作者的态度,进行深层理解。推理是一种创造性的思维活动。
由于推理是在已知的基础上来推断未知的,因此我们必须忠实于原文,要以文章提供的事实和线索为依据来进行推理和判断,不能凭空想象,随意揣测,把自己的臆断强加给作者。正确推理包括这几个方面:①弄清作者的意图,以及写作的缘由。②分析材料所提供的信息。③注意字、词的原意及引申含意。④根据句子的含意推断作者的言外之意。总之,只有吃透文章的字面意思,推理才有前提和基础。
Passage A
阅读理解
Millions of years ago there were many types of dinosaurs on earth. Most dinosaurs were planteaters. The Apatosaurus, for example, had a long thin neck so that it could eat leaves from trees. Other dinosaurs were meateaters. The Tyrannosaurus Rex killed smaller dinosaurs for food.
Dinosaurs were real animals that once lived on the earth, but they died out about 65 million years ago. The disappearance of the dinosaurs is in some way a great mystery (谜).① Some scientists think that the climate (气候) changed suddenly. Fossils (化石) of trees tell us that the temperature dropped a lot and that the level of the sea dropped as well. ② This means that it got suddenly much colder. Perhaps the dinosaurs were too slow to change with the climate.
A new idea is that a meteor (流星) crashed into the earth. Scientists discovered a place in Mexico where they think the meteor crashed. They think that there was a lot of dust from the meteor. The dust landed on the plants. Also the dust blocked (阻挡) the sun's light for as long as five years.