文档介绍：Source: Handbook of Plastics, Elastomers, posites
Chapter
4
Composite Materials and
Processes
S. T. Peters
Process Research
Mountain View, California
Introduction
There are two general types posites, distinguished by the type of materials that are
used in construction and by the general market in which they can be found. The more
posites, such as used in printed circuit boards, shower enclosures, and plea-
sure boats, are generally reinforced with fiberglass fabric, use a type of polyester resin as
the matrix, and can be referred to posites. Large overlaps exist for the
two types; for instance, there is a significant weight percent of fiberglass-reinforced plastic
in mercial airliners, and carbon/graphite or aramid have been used in reinforcing
laminated truss beams for home building. Modern posites, frequently re-
ferred to as posites, can be distinguished posites be-
cause of their frequent use of more exotic or expensive matrix materials and higher-priced
reinforcements such as carbon/graphite, and they can be found in more structurally de-
manding locations that have a greater need for weight savings. They are a blend of two or
ponents. ponent is made up of stiff, long fibers, and the other, for poly-
posites, is a resinous binder or matrix that holds the fibers in place. The fibers
are strong and stiff relative to the matrix and are generally orthotropic (having different
properties in two different directions). These properties are most evident when po-
nents are shown in a breakdown view as in Fig. .
The fiber for advanced posites is long, with length-to-diameter ratios
>100. Predominately, for advanced posites, the fiber has been continuous,
but there is an increased awareness that discontinuous fibers allow potentially huge sav-
ings in manufacturing costs, so there are now efforts to incorporate them in areas previ-
ously reserved for continuous fiber. The fiber’s strength and stiffness are much
gre