文档介绍：南京航空航天大学
硕士学位论文
基于复合定位的无线传感器网络层次路由协议设计与实现
姓名:唐渝川
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:计算机应用技术
指导教师:高航
20070101
南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文
摘要
作为一种全新的信息获取和处理技术,无线传感器网络综合了传感器技术、
微机电系统和网络技术,能够实时监测、感知和采集各种环境或监测对象的信息
并对其进行处理,将信息传送到用户。在军事、环境、医学、空间探索以及工业、
民用和家庭网络等领域具有广泛的应用前景。无线传感器网络通常运行在人类无
法接近的恶劣环境或者是危险的地域中,能源无法得到补充,因此,针对传感器
网络的不同应用环境,设计高效节能的路由算法以延长网络的生存周期是它的核
心问题之一。
本文的主要工作是对基于节点位置的 GEM 无线传感器网络路由(协议)进行
改进与实现。文章首先在分析无线传感器网络结构及特点的基础上,为验证后续
算法的有效性,设计制作了基于 ZigBee 协议的传感器节点;然后针对现有无线
传感器网络节点定位机制的局限性,提出了一种复合定位的实现方法;最后在对
节点定位的基础上,分析了 GEM 路由算法在路由建立和网络拓扑控制方面的不
足,并提出了相应的改进算法。该算法的特点是利用基站资源对节点进行定位,
依据节点位置信息构建网络拓扑图,进而在全局范围内生成网络路由,实施能源
有效的拓扑控制。

关键词:无线传感器网络, 复合定位, 路由协议, GEM 协议

I
基于复合定位的无线传感器网络层次路由协议设计与实现
ABSTRACT
As an brand-new technology of acquiring and processing information, Wireless
works (WSNs), which integrate the sensor, micro-electro-mechanism
system work technologies, can concurrently test, sense, collect, process and
transfer information of monitored objects to the terminal users in real time. It
prehensive application prospect in many fields, such as military,
medicine, space exploration, industry, civilian and works. Wireless Sensor
Networks will be generally located in dangerous or inclement areas where are unfit
for human beings to control. So the battery of work nodes can not be recharged.
Therefore, in every special application environment, making full use of energy and
prolonging the life time of the battery e the main issues of work
design.
The main job of this paper is to improve and realize the routing protocol based
on nodes location in GEM Wireless works. For validating the availability
of the algorithm analyzed later, the paper designs and makes the sensor nodes based
on ZigBee protocol by analyzing work structure of WSNs and its features, then
prefers synthesized orientation method aiming at the defect of the mechanism of
nodes orientation; at the end of the paper, it analyzes the disadvantage of the GEM
routing alg