文档介绍：主动脉夹层护理教学主动脉夹层动脉瘤 疾病简介DepartmentofCardiology,areUnitCardiovascularMedicalCenterofJiangsuTheFirstAffiliatedHospitalofNanjingMedicalUniversityJiangsuProvinceHospital在主动脉壁存在或不存在自身病变的基础上,并在一系列可能外因的作用下导致主动脉内膜撕裂,血液由内膜撕裂口进入主动脉壁中层,造成主动脉中层沿长轴分离,从而使主动脉管腔呈现真假两腔的一种病理状态。定义DepartmentofCardiology,areUnitCardiovascularMedicalCenterofJiangsuTheFirstAffiliatedHospitalofNanjingMedicalUniversityJiangsuProvinceHospital名词解释真腔:主动脉原有的管腔称为真腔;假腔:主动脉壁分离形成的管腔称为假腔;夹层隔膜:位于真假腔之间,被撕裂的内膜和中膜的内1/3层称为夹层隔膜;动脉瘤:。夹层动脉瘤属于假性动脉瘤的范畴夹层裂口:内膜的破口称为夹层裂口。DepartmentofCardiology,areUnitCardiovascularMedicalCenterofJiangsuTheFirstAffiliatedHospitalofNanjingMedicalUniversityJiangsuProvinceHospital心血管外科最凶险的疾病DepartmentofCardiology,:急性主动脉夹层75%合并有高血压;:常有家族聚集倾向;:高处坠落、突然刹车或撞车;:后期弹力纤维脆弱、全身血容量增加、血流张力增加;::梅毒性主动脉炎、心内膜炎。DepartmentofCardiology,areUnitCardiovascularMedicalCenterofJiangsuTheFirstAffiliatedHospitalofNanjingMedicalUniversityJiangsuProvinceHospital分型A型:无论夹层起源于哪一部位,只要累及升主动脉者称为A型;B型:夹层起源于降主动脉且未累及升主动脉者称为B型。DepartmentofCardiology,areUnitCardiovascularMedicalCenterofJiangsuTheFirstAffiliatedHospitalofNanjingMedicalUniversityJiangsuProvinceHospitalstanford分型DepartmentofCardiology,areUnitCardiovascularMedicalCenterofJiangsuTheFirstAffiliatedHospitalofNanjingMedicalUniversityJiangsuProvinceHospitalstanford分型DeBakey分型I型:夹层分离遍及升主动脉、主动脉弓降主动脉及腹主动脉;Ⅱ型:夹层分离限于升主动脉;Ⅲ型:夹层分离限于胸主动脉(Ⅲa)或延及腹主动脉(Ⅲb)DepartmentofCardiology,areUnitCardiovascularMedicalCenterofJiangsuTheFirstAffiliatedHospitalofNanjingMedicalUniversityJiangsuProvinceHospitalDeBakey分型DepartmentofCardiology,areUnitCardiovascularMedicalCenterofJiangsuTheFirstAffiliatedHospitalofNanjingMedicalUniversityJiangsuProvinceHospital