文档介绍：河北大学
硕士学位论文
话轮沉默现象的认知语用分析——基于英汉话轮研究的思考
姓名:王晓军
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:外国语言学及应用语言学
指导教师:赵德全
20100601
摘要
摘要
有声语言是人类交流的重要手段,而无声语言同样也能传达丰富的信息,甚至是有
声语言难以表达的内容。在无声语言中,沉默是一种非常普遍的现象。美国著名作家和
哲学家亨利·戴维·索罗曾指出“人类交往的不幸,并不在于对话语的误解,而在于对
沉默的不理解。”理解沉默的意义对人类交往的重要性由此可见一斑。通过对相关文献
进行回顾,笔者发现,国内外学者对沉默现象的研究尚处于探索阶段,尤其是国内对沉
默的研究还处于起始阶段。本文以英汉会话语篇中的话轮沉默为研究对象,分析了会话
分析理论、合作原则对话轮沉默现象解释的利与弊。关联理论为话轮沉默的认知语用研
究提供了一个新的视角,但是这种解释是建立在对词汇意义的词汇语用的思考下进行
的,词汇语用现象特别是语用充实为话轮沉默的关联分析做了铺垫。不同的文化环境使
人们对话轮沉默会有相同或不同的解读,在跨文化交际中,话轮沉默的语用失误难以避
免,认知图示理论为我们透彻剖析这一现在并对之提出对策进行了有效解释。对话轮沉
默现象的分析不仅仅是词汇意义的内涵与外延问题,也是一个认知语用的问题。
关键词话轮沉默关联理论词汇语用认知语境认知图示
I
Abstract
Abstract
Verbal language is an important tool in munication, and non-verbal language
is a tool of no less significance, which sometimes conveys meanings which are not
transmitted through verbal language. Silence is often observed as mon phenomenon of
non-munication. American famous author and philosopher Henry David Thoreau
once pointed out that “In human intercourse the tragedy begins, not when there is
misunderstanding about words, but when silence is not understood.” This famous quote
manifests the importance of understanding silence in human intercourses. After the literary
review is done, we find that the study of silence has not been adequately done in both
domestic and broad academic world, and this is especially the case in our country. Focusing
on the phenomenon of turn silence in English and Chinese conversational discourses, the
paper illustrates both the advantages and disadvantages of turn silence of conversational
theory and cooperative principle. Relevance theory provides a new perspective to a cognitive
pragmatic analysis of turn silence. The paper points out the relevant accounts are based on the
lexical meaning understanding from the lexical pragmatic perspective, and pragmatic
enrichment lays the foundation to the relevant account of turn silence. Different cultural
environments equip people with