文档介绍：沪江英语
2011年研究生入学考试英语完整真题及答案
Section I Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank
and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed laughter as “a bodily
exercise precious to health.” But __1___some claims to the contrary,
laughing probably has little influence on physical fitness Laughter does
__2___short-term changes in the function of the heart and its blood
vessels, ___3_ heart rate and oxygen consumption But because hard laughter
is difficult to __4__, a good laugh is unlikely to have __5___ benefits
the way, say, walking or jogging does.
__6__, instead of straining muscles to build them, as exercise does,
laughter apparently plishes the __7__, studies dating back to the
1930’s indicate that laughter__8___ muscles, decreasing muscle tone for
up to 45 minutes after the laugh dies down.
Such bodily reaction might conceivably help _9__the effects of
psychological stress. Anyway, the act of laughing probably does produce
other types of ___10___ feedback, that improve an individual’s emotional
state. __11____one classical theory of emotion, our feelings are
partially rooted ____12___ physical reactions. It was argued at the end
of the 19th century that humans do not cry ___13___they are sad but they
e sad when the tears begin to flow.
Although sadness also ____14___ tears, evidence suggests that emotions
can flow __15___ muscular responses. In an experiment published in
1988,social psychologist Fritz Strack of the University of würzburg in
Germany asked volunteers to __16___ a pen either with their teeth-thereby
creating an artificial smile – or with their lips, which would produce
a(n) __17___ expression. Those forced to exercise their smiling muscles
___18___ more exuberantly to funny cartoons than did those whose mouths
were contracted in a frown, ____19___ that expressions may influence
emotions rather than just the other w