文档介绍：沈阳师范大学
硕士学位论文
论美国总统竞选电视辩论中合作原则的遵守和违反
姓名:杨明
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:外国语言学及应用语言学
指导教师:孙若红
20090501
摘要

美国总统大选辩论因其激烈的辩论回合、候选人的辩才及其对美国政治及
世界政治模式的影响而极具影响力。
在美国总统大选电视辩论中的话语和其它常见的对话不同。辩论者会遵守
合作原则的一些准则。然后他们却更经常性地违反这些准则。无论是遵守或是违
反合作原则的这些准则都会产生一定的会话含义。辩论者可以藉此实现一些个人
目标,构建自己的人格及可信度,打击对手,为自己辩护并增加说服力。
本文试图探究辩论者在辩论中遵守或违反合作原则各准则的不同方法及其
频度。同时,也对美国总统大选电视辩论中候选人使用的语言进行了分析,试图
发现这些话语对成功打击对手的作用。通过本文的研究,辩论者可以获得有用的
辩论技巧及策略来赢得比赛。本文的第三个研究目的是辩论者遵守及违反合作原
则各准则的政治原因。
关键词:美国总统大选辩论;合作原则;会话含义;准则

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Abstract

American presidential debate is one of the most pervasive ones because of its
fierce debating rounds, debaters’ eloquence, and its impact on America politics as well
as world political pattern.
In the American televised presidential debate, the discourse is different from
that mon conversation. The debaters will observe the maxims of cooperative
principle. More frequently, they will violate the maxims. Through the observance and
violation of the maxims of CP, certain conversational implicature is generated. The
debaters can thus achieve their own target in constructing personality and reliability,
attacking adversary and increasing persuasion for their own justification, etc.
The thesis tries to find out in what way the debaters observe or violate the
maxims of cooperative principle in a debate and the frequency of observance and
violation. It also researches into the language being used in the American televised
presidential debate, attempting to find out the function of this linguistic discourse in
making essful attacks in a debate. Through that, the debaters can benefit from this
research and acquire useful debating skills and strategies to win a debate. Political
reasons for observance and violation of the maxims of CP would be the third aim of
this research.
Key Words: American presidential debate, cooperative principle, implicature,
maxims

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Acknowledgements

This thesis involve