文档介绍：沈阳理工大学
硕士学位论文
单自由度高频减振镗杆的设计与研究
姓名:王兰波
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:机械制造及其自动化
指导教师:张志军
2011-03
摘要

随着现代高速切削技术的迅速发展,对工件加工精度的要求越来越高,切削
振动成为影响加工精度的一个主要因素。特别对于薄壁件的内孔精加工,高速切
削所产生的高频振动不但降低了加工精度和切削效率,而且振动产生的噪音严重
影响了工人的身体健康。所以,对薄壁件内孔精加工中高频振动的研究有着重要
的实际意义。
首先,本文从单自由度振动微分方程出发,求出镗杆的固有频率和等效阻尼
的表达式,并作为理论基础。通过改变镗杆质量来改变镗杆的固有频率,从而避
开切削系统的共振频率。在减少镗杆质量的同时,使镗杆的阻尼增加,提高了镗
杆抗振性能。
其次,利用 ANSYS 有限元分析软件对普通镗杆进行拓扑优化,求出镗杆的概
念设计模型。以此为基础,对镗杆进行静力分析和模态分析,设计出刚度和动态
特性极佳的镗杆结构。本文还设计了专门的内冷却系统和快速装夹装置。
最后,作者加工出三种不同结构的刀头进行试验模态分析,通过实验数据和
幅频特性曲线验证了理论的正确性和设计的合理性,为以后单自由度高频减振镗
杆的设计研究奠定了基础。

关键词:单自由度,减振镗杆,拓扑优化,实验模态分析
Abstract

With the rapid development of modern high-frequency cutting technology,there is
more and more demanding of parts’ precision .Cutting vibration is a major factor which
influences the working for fine working of bore in thin-wall
part,high-frequency vibration which produced in the process of high- frequency cutting
can reduce the working precision and working addition the vibration noise
generated by cutting can affect the health of it has practical significance to
thin wall hole processing research on high- frequency vibration.
First, Starting from a single degree of freedom vibration differential equation,this
paper obtain the expression of the fixed frequency and equivalent damping of the boring
bar as a theoretical basis. Through changing the natural frequency of boring bar by
changing the quality,we can avoid the resonance frequency of the cutting
reducing the quality of the boring bar,we can also increase the damping to improve the
performance of the boring bar vibration.
Secondly,we find the conceptual design model of boring bar through topology
optimization using ANSYS finite element analysis software. Static analysis and modal
analysis on boring bar was made and a boring bar structure with better stiffness and
dynamic properties was designed. a special inner c