文档介绍：沈阳师范大学
硕士学位论文
罗伯特·弗罗斯特诗歌中树的原型
姓名:林琳
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:外国语言学及应用语言学
指导教师:范革新
20090401
摘要
罗伯特·弗罗斯特作为美国最有影响的诗人之一,他四次获得普利策文学
奖,也是美国历史上迄今为止唯一一位被总统邀请在就职典礼尚朗诵自己诗歌的
诗人,其诗歌本身的寓意与哲理无论从文学理论到其给人们生活的启示,一直以
来都有着深远的影响。
弗罗斯特的诗歌大部分取材于自然,尤其对“树”的描写更是情有独钟,
因此人们往往简单的把其诗歌归纳为自然诗,把弗罗斯特看作是田园诗人。然而,
对于罗伯特·弗罗斯特这样一位钟情于“始于快乐,止于智慧”的创作模式的诗
人来说,这样的说法有些过于表面,而忽视了其深层次的意义。原型批评的本质
在于试图发现文学作品中反复出现的各种意象、叙事结构和人物类型,找出他们
背后的基本形式。因此,本文凭借原型批评理论对弗罗斯特诗歌中的自然物——
树,这一意象加以生层次剖析,试图从中探求弗罗斯特的诗歌中自然物更为深刻
的寓意。弥补人们对弗罗斯特诗歌世界与诗歌艺术复杂性的忽略。
为实现这一目的,
特及其诗歌进行简要的介绍,并对原型批评的批评方法加以阐述,试图从该批评
出发寻求分析的契合点;第二章中对“树”的原型意义进行详细阐述。分析自古
以来,“树”作为一种意象,从作为图腾,仪式等中的崇拜,到各国神话以及宗
教信仰中以不同形式的反复出现,都说明树在人类集体无意识中已经打下了无法
磨灭的烙印。第三章从树的种类出发,对弗罗斯特诗歌中的树分类,从生与死的
循环,与上帝的对话,神话的影响等方面对诗歌加以新的阐释。
关键词:弗罗斯特; 原型批评; 诗歌; 树木
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Abstract
Robert Frost (1874-1963), widely read and constantly anthologized, is one of
the most famous American poets in the 20th century. In his as long as y-year life
journey, all kinds of glories came to him. He won the Pulitzer Prize four times and
was the only poet in American literary history that was invited by the President to
read his poem at the inauguration. Moral meaning of Frost’s poems has been a
profound impact on both philosophy and literature.
Most of his poetry is about the New England life, and nature provides him with
new ideas and inspiratious. And the tree is on example. The “tree” image is his
favorable subjuect, which appeares in many of his poems frequently. Therefore, some
critics and scholars consider Frost as a pastoral poet with a plex. However,
Frost, as a poet, who believes that “A poem begins in delight and ends in wisdom”,
endows the significance of poetry far more than what it seems. So in order to
understatnd him and his poems better the archetypal criticism should be employed as
interprets a text by focusing on recurring symbols, images, and character types and
special events in a literary work. As a form of literary criticism,