医学微生物 实验课件---t01.ppt

文档介绍：实验一细菌的形态结构
示教
细菌的基本形态
球菌(葡萄球菌)
杆菌(变形杆菌)
螺形菌弧菌(霍乱弧菌)、螺菌、螺杆菌
细菌的特殊结构
鞭毛(变形杆菌)
荚膜(肺炎链球菌)
芽胞(破伤风梭菌)
操作革兰染色
制片:涂片、干燥、固定
染色:初染水洗媒染脱色复染
(结晶紫1’) ( 碘液1’) ( 95%酒精30”) (稀释复红30”)
水洗印干油镜镜检
2、革兰氏染色
Gram Stain - developed Christian Gram in 1884
The gram stain is the most widely used staining procedure in bacteriology. It is called a differential stain since it differentiates between gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Bacteria which stain purple with the gram staining procedure are termed gram-positive; those which stain pink are said to be gram-negative.
Gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria stain differently because of fundamental differences in the structure of their cell walls.
Structure of a Gram-Negative Cell Wall Structure of a Gram-Positive Cell Wall
Smear preparation
Staining
Heat fixing
crystal violet stain wash with water
Stain with gram's iodine solution
Decolorize by adding 95% alcohol
Counterstain with Safranin
影响革兰染色的因素