文档介绍：
生物的进化和退化-基因组合进化论#
杨晓达*
(北京大学医学部药学院化学生物学系)
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摘要:自达尔文进化论建立以来,生物进化论经历了 150 多年的观念和理论的变化完善。但
是其物理化学基础和分子生物学机制两个基本问题并没有得到真正的解决,许多新的发现
如寒武纪生物大爆炸也不能在达尔文进化论的结构中得到阐释。本文基于对生物进化和退
化的热力学分析为基础,提出了一个新的完备的生物进化理论假设---基因组合进化理论。
本理论的基本点包括:①任何生命体系都是环境内在生命的体现,生物进化的两大基础是
环境的潜在有序性和环境的容量;②在物种发生后,各类物种及其环境形成一个完善的能
量流动生态结构。③在生态结构中,进化不仅是个体的,更是整体的;④基因在个体和物
种之间流动转移,产生各种新的基因组合,从而在一定的条件下产生新物种;⑤生物多样
性既是生物进化的结果,又是推动生物进化的主要原因之一;⑥生物进化具有极限,在生
存竞争机制的推动下,统治性物种及其相关物种会出现旧生态结构毁灭和新生态结构产生
的周期性的演化过程。
关键词:生物进化;热力学;基因组合;进化周期;生态结构
中图分类号:Q-0,Q1, O64
The gene bination theory of evolution---a novel
complete view on evolution and degeneration of life
YANG Xiaoda
(Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Healthy
Science Center)
Abstract: Since the establishment more than 150 years ago, the Darwin’s theory of evolution has
made many major changes in the concepts and structure. However, there have been two major
remaining problems including the thermodynamic fundament of evolution and the molecular
biological mechanism for development of new species. Some important new evidences such as the
Cambrian explosion of life were hardly incorporated into the current theory of evolution. Based on
a new analysis on the thermodynamics of life development and degeneration, the present paper
proposed a novel plete hypothesis---the gene bination theory of evolution. The
basic points of the new theory include: ①life is the expression of intrinsic life of surroundings
which is in the chaos state. The evolution of life depends on the plexity and the
capacity of the surroundings; ②After occurrence of life, the life species and the surrounding form
plete ecological structure following the order of energy/entropy flux; ③Evolution is for
both individual species and the whole ecological system; ④By new genes transfer between
individuals and species, new species may be developed through gene bination in certain
circumstances; ⑤Biodiv