文档介绍：e
概述
句子根据功能划分可分为四种基本句式:
①陈述句;
②疑问句;
③祈使句;
④感叹句。
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陈述事实或看法的句子称为陈述句。
陈述句又可分为肯定句和否定句,分别陈述肯定和否定的事实或看法。
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Part 1: 陈述句
肯定句
陈述句在肯定事实时采用不同程度的肯定口气。人们在肯定某项事实时往往采用一些委婉的词语,使说话人的态度更有礼貌。
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否定句
否定陈述句主要用来表示否定意向或提出对比,分为带否定词not的否定句和带其他否定词的否定句。
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否定句的构成
1、在功能词后加否定词not:
这样的功能词有:be (is, am, are, was, were), have (has, had), do (does, did), shall (should), will (would), can (could), may (might), must, ought, need, dare等。
I have not / haven’t said such foolish words before.
He does not / doesn’t mean to hurt your feeling.
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否定句的构成
2、若谓语动词中原无功能词,则加特殊功能词do, does, did。
This material conducts electricity.
This material does not conduct electricity.
She went there to see him very often.
She did not go there to see him very often.
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EXERCISE:将肯定陈述句变为否定陈述句
of us have finished it already.
told somebody something.
can understand both of these two questions.
is someone doing research in this field.
have quite a lot to do in the morning.
↘
Some of us have not finished it yet.
↘
I didn’t tell anybody anything.
↘
I cannot understand either of these two questions
↘
There isn’t anybody doing research in this field.
↘
I never have much to do in the morning.
疑问句是指提出问题,请对方回答的句子。疑问句句末要用问号。
按结构可分为四种:一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句。
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Part 2: 疑问句
一般疑问句
一般疑问句是用yes或no回答的问句,故也可称为“yes-no”疑问句(是否型疑问句)。
一般疑问句句末用升调或降升调,答话者用功能词简略回答。
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