文档介绍：分类号 S812 学校代码 10129
U D C 630 学号 08203027

内蒙古伏沙地植被特征分析研究
——以锡林郭勒盟为例
An Analysis of the Characteristics of Sinking Sandy Land
Vegetation in Inner Mongolia
——A Case of Xilingol

申请人:陈秀兰
学科门类:农学
学科专业:森林经理学
研究方向:“3S”技术应用与资源监测评价
指导教师:张韬教授
安慧君教授

论文提交日期:二〇一一年五月
摘要

本文以内蒙古锡林郭勒盟草原为例,研究分析伏沙地的植被、土壤和光谱特征。
本研究通过野外调查获取植被群落、土壤和光谱特征的相关数据,并通过与典型草原
和沙质草原对比,找出伏沙地的可鉴别特征。研究结果表明:
1. 典型伏沙地的植被类型以典型草原群落为主,群落中有指示性的沙生物种出
现,如:褐沙蒿(Artemi siaintramongolica)、小叶锦鸡儿(Caragana microphylia)
等。林地伏沙地以榆树疏林草原类型为主,林下分布着灌丛和典型草原群落。湿地伏
沙地以湿地群落为主,群落中主要为湿生物种。
2. 伏沙地群落中野韭(Allium ramosum)、双齿葱(Allium bidentatum)等物
种的重要值较高。典型草原以克氏针茅(Stipa krylovil)和糙隐子草(Cleistogenes
squarrosa)为建群种,并伴有一些典型草原常见物种。沙质草原中褐沙蒿、灰绿藜
(Chenopodium glaucum)和猪毛菜(Salsola collina)的重要值较高。群落盖度、密
度和生物量等特征都小于典型草原,大于沙质草原。
3. 土壤特征方面,伏沙地的成土结构不完整,由腐殖质层和沙母质层组成。伏
沙地土壤中砂粒含量比典型草原要高,比沙质草原低;土壤黏粒含量典型草原﹥伏沙
地﹥沙质草原。伏沙地营养物质含量比典型草原低,比沙质草原要高。伏沙地是典型
草原向沙质草原演替的过渡阶段。
4. 从典型草原、伏沙地和沙质草原的光谱曲线对比来看,典型草原和伏沙地反
射曲线基本相似,斜率较高。沙质草原红边斜率比其他两种群落低。在红光和近红外
波段反射率从大到小为典型草原﹥伏沙地﹥沙质草原。

关键词:伏沙地;植被;土壤;光谱
An Analysis of the Characteristics of Sinking Sandy Land
Vegetation in Inner Mongolia
---- A Case of Xilingol

Abstract
The characteristics of vegetation,soil and spectrum in the sinking sandy land in
Xilinguole of Inner Mongolia were studied, by the method of field survey. To unravel the
identify characteristics of the sinking sandy land, we analyzed the characteristics of
community pared the difference between the typical steppe and the sandy
grassland. The results were as follows.
1. The vegetation in the typical sinking sandy land are mainly the types of typical
steppe. There are indicative sand species in munity such as Artemisia
intramongolica and Caragana microphylia. The woodland sinking land are dominated by
the vegetation of the elm sparse grassland, with the shrub and the typical steppe
communities being under the trees. The vegetation of the wetland sinking land are mainly
we