文档介绍：Progress and Prospects of Ergot Alkaloid Research
Joydeep Mukherjee, Miriam Menge
Institut für Technische Chemie, Universität Hannover, Callinstr. 3, D-30167 Hannover,
Germany
E-mail: ******@-
Ergot alkaloids, produced by the plant parasitic fungi Claviceps purpurea are important
pharmaceuticals. The chemistry, biosynthesis, bioconversions, physiological controls, and
biochemistry have been extensively reviewed by earlier present here the research
done on anic synthesis of the ergot alkaloids during the past two decades. Our aim is
to apply this knowledge to the synthesis of novel synthons and thus obtain new molecules by
directed biosynthesis. The synthesis of clavine alkaloids, lysergic acid derivatives, the use of
tryptophan as the starting material, the chemistry of 1,3,4,5-tetrahydrobenzo[cd]indoles, and
the structure activity relationships for ergot alkaloids have been discussed. Recent advances
in the molecular biology and enzymology of the fungus are also mentioned. Application of
oxygen vectors and mathematical modeling in the large scale production of the alkaloids are
also discussed. Finally, the review gives an overview of the use of modern analytical methods
such as capillary electrophoresis and two-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy.
Keywords. Ergot, Alkaloid synthesis, Claviceps, Directed biosynthesis, Bioreactors
1Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2 Chemistry, Bioconversions, and Directed Biosynthesis . . . . . . 2
Chemical Synthesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Chemical Structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Clavine Alkaloids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Simple Lysergic Acid Derivatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Ergopeptines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Ergopeptams . . . . . . .