文档介绍：山西财经大学
硕士学位论文
央视访谈节目《高端访问》的话轮转换分析
姓名:党辉
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:外国语言学与应用语言学
指导教师:白树勤
2010-06-01
摘要
话语是人们语言交流的基本形式。随着对语言研究的不断深入,研究者们发现话语
同语境密切相关。会话分析是研究话语在不同语境中具体运用的学科。社会学家萨克斯
等人开创了会话分析学派,他们从社会语言学的观点出发运用民俗方法论的研究方法,
在研究了一系列自然发生的会话之后,指出会话中存在着制约人们谈话的某种机制─话
轮转换机制(即人们在会话时按照一定的原则,轮次发话)。
本文运用萨克斯的话轮转换理论,选取央视新闻访谈栏目《高端访问》的十期节目,
采用会话分析的研究方法,试图回答以下问题:
1. 话轮转换原则是否适用于《高端访问》这种双方对话式的新闻访谈语体,如果不,
哪些方面需要做出修正?
2. 节目中访问者和被访问者分别运用了哪些不同的话轮转换技巧来获取及出让谈
话权?他们是如何运用这些技巧?
研究表明,萨克斯等人提出的这一理论基本适用于访谈节目这种语体,但在话轮构
成及话轮分配方面情况有所不同,笔者就此做出了修正和补充。就话轮转换技巧,访问
者和被访问者使用了诸如打断,插入,指定等方式来获取或放弃话轮。
本文研究的意义在于能完善话轮转换理论,同时可以丰富不同语境下对话轮转换的
研究,也有助于此类节目的编导及主持人掌握更多的话语技巧。
关键词: 话轮转换; 电视访谈; 话轮转换技巧; 话轮开启; 话轮放弃; 双方对话
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Abstract
Utterance is the basic part of human munication system. With the constant
deepening of language research,linguists have begun to pay attention to the utterances in
different contexts. Conversation Analysis (CA) is a method for studying naturally occurring
conversations. It is first introduced by . sociologist , Schegloff, , etc.
who used inductive method to explore the principles of social interaction in daily conversation
through a large number of real analysis of the recording materials. They believe that there
should be a system existing in daily conversation. That is turn-taking system. It has been
applied to a variety of contexts (classroom, courtroom, TV media discourse etc.)
TV news interview is a new type of conversation. Previously, many researches on it have
been done from the perspective of Sociology, munication, Psychology, Linguistics,
etc, but there is little in-depth linguistic study on two-party TV news interview by using
turn-taking system. This thesis tries to supply this gap.
The data analyzed in this research cover 10 news interviews TV’s program Top
Talk. Based on the research method of conversation analysis, turn-taking system is adopted to
analyze how the system w