文档介绍：第六篇血液系统疾病第九章白血病( Leukemia )学时数: 2学时讲授目的和要求、慢性白血病的临床表现,实验室检查及诊断标准,治疗原则 FAB 分型,联合化疗的原则, 完全缓解的概念讲授主要内容概述病因和发病机制临床表现实验室检查诊断标准鉴别诊断治疗 Erythrocytes: transport oxygen Erythrocytes: transport oxygen Neutrophil Basophil Eosinophil Monocytes /Macrophage Defense against infection Defense against infection Platelets: Mediate blood clotting Platelets: Mediate blood clotting T-lymphocytes: antigen presenting T-lymphocytes: antigen presenting B-lymphocytes B-lymphocytes Plasma cell: Plasma cell: Source of antibodies Source of antibodies Leukemia Classification Leukemia Classification There are at least dozens of varieties of leukemia. There are at least dozens of varieties of leukemia. They are classified by how quickly it progresses. They are classified by how quickly it progresses. Acute leukemia is fast-growing and can overrun the Acute leukemia is fast-growing and can overrun the body within a few weeks or months. By Contrast, body within a few weeks or months. By Contrast, chronic leukemia is slow-growing and progressively chronic leukemia is slow-growing and progressively worsen over years worsen over years Acute versus chronic leukemia Acute versus chronic leukemia Acute: the blood cells of acute leukemia remain in an immature state, so they reproduce and accumulate very rapidly. Therefore, they need treatment immediately, otherwise the disease may be fatal within few months Chronic: in Chronic leukemia, the blood cells eventually mature, or partially mature. But they are not “ normal ”. They remain in the blood much longer than normal blood cells and they can not act functional cells well Myelogenous versus lymphocytic leukemia If the leukemic cells arise from myeloid pluripotentia l stem cells: myeloid leukemia If the leukemic cells arise from lymphocytic pluripotentia l stem cells: lymphocytic leukemia Clinical manifestations Clinical manifestations Leukemic hematopoiesis Normal hematopoiesis marrow