文档介绍：南京航空航天大学
硕士学位论文
高速车辆车头改进的空气动力学特性研究
姓名:张奇
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:车辆工程
指导教师:赵又群
20060601
南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文
摘要
在总结国内外文献的基础上,阐述了汽车空气动力学性能研究,以及汽车
空气动力学仿真的发展和应用现状,指出了开展汽车空气动力学仿真及其应用
研究的重要意义。
采用有限差分法,运用 FLUENT 软件,分析某轿车模型附近的流场,计算
出阻力系的数值,研究车身前部改进对汽车外流场的影响。本文主要工作如下:
1、根据几何尺寸对典型系统的影响,改变汽车车头外形的基本尺寸,将不
同外形尺寸参数下的模型在虚拟流场中进行外流场的数值模拟,分析其对气动
性能的影响,得到最基本的外形概念。
2、考虑到车头形式的多样性,选择汽车车头的不同布置和相关细节变化。
将汽车车头模型在虚拟流场中进行外流场的数值模拟,进一步进行分析研究,
得到不同车头形式所具有的各自特点。
3、对汽车在 60m/s、70m/s 和 80m/s 速度下的外流场情况进行数值模拟和分
析,得出高速时的外流场分布特性。
4、对三维模型进行外流场的数值模拟,简要分析外流场的分布特点。
综合以上工作,明确了汽车车头设计不仅要考虑空气阻力系数的降低,同
时要考虑升力系数的变化,以保证良好的行驶性能。在此基础上,提出具有指
导意义的车身前部改进方法。

关键词:计算流体动力学,空气动力学,流场,阻力系数,汽车

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高速车辆车头改进的空气动力学研究
ABSTRACT
The research and development of automobile aerodynamics was introduced based
on the published papers, and it can be concluded putational Fluid Dynamics
(CFD) analysis is an important method in automobile aerodynamics research..
Finite Differential Method (FDM) was applied to analyze the external flow field
by FLUENT and calculate the drag coefficient, and the result of the external flow
field by changing the shape of automobile model can pared. The main works
of this paper are:
1. Typical systematic effects due to geometry change are well known. The
external flow field of the automobile model was simulated to find out how it reacted
to the aerodynamics characteristic, when the foreside geometry of automobile body
changed. The basic model shape could also be obtained.
2. Considering multiplicity of automobile model style, more research about the
external flow field of the automobile model by choosing different collocation and
changing the detail about the foreside of automobile body was carried out. The result
is that the different style can satisfy different request.
3. The external flow field of the automobile model was simulated at speed 60m/s,
70m/s and 80m/s. The conclusion is that the characteristic about the external flow