文档介绍：Biomedical Applications: Tissue Engineering, Therapeutic
Devices, and Diagnostic Systems B
J. Zachary Hilt
The University of Texas, Austin, Texas, .
Mark E. Byrne
Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, .
INTRODUCTION current enthusiasm of nanoscale science and technology.
The scales encountered in biology, medicine, and bio-
The emergence of nanoscale science and the material- technology range from the micro- to nanometer and
ization of consequent technologies have provided new developments will continue to progress and expand on
avenues for engineering materials and devices that will both levels. This overview is presented in much the same
revolutionize the way health care is administered. In manner, with an analysis of exciting and novel technolo-
particular, the ability to engineer with molecular to mac- gies that are equally relevant to nanotechnology, but are
romolecular precision has led to the creation of nanoscale not strictly classified as nanoscale.
materials and devices with inherent advantages relative to The development of fabrication processes capable of
macroscale-structured counterparts. manipulation at the micro- and nanoscale, such as
In biological and medical applications, controlling electron-beam and ion-beam lithography,[2] nanoimprint
interactions at the level of natural building blocks, from lithography,[3] microcontact printing (mCP),[4] and dip-
proteins to cells, facilitates the novel exploration, ma- pen nanolithography (DPN),[5] enabled the creation of
nipulation, and application of living systems and biolog- novel devices. In addition, self-assembly has been
ical phenomena. Nanoengineered tissue scaffolds and demonstrated to be a powerful method for creating well-
nanostructured biomaterials and coatings for implants defined nanostructures.[6–8] At the same time, visual-
and prostheses are leading to better solutions in tissue ization with submicron resolution has been essential in
design, reconstruction,