文档介绍：channel冲积扇洪积扇坡积裙分水岭盆地岩溶地貌溶洞落水洞土洞2地层岩性地层岩性property岩体X-JU|=t岩层X-JU|=t岩层母岩相变硬质岩软质岩硬质的软质的基岩岩组交错层理层面片理1地形地貌geographicandgeomorphic工程地质条件 engineering onditions地形 landform地貌 geomorphology,relief微地貌 microrelief地貌单元 Iandformunit,geomorphicunit坡度 grade地形图 reliefmap河谷 rivervalley河道 rivercourse河床 riverbed(channel)冲沟 gully,gulley,erosiongully,stream(brook)河漫滩 floodplain(valleyflat)阶地 terrace冲积平原 alluvial plain三角洲 delta古河道 fossilrivercourse,fossilstreamalluvialfandiluvialfantalusaprondividebasinkarstlandfeature,karstIandformsolutioncave,karstcavesinkholeKarsticearthcavegeostrome(stratum,strata)haracter,rockrockmassbedstratumlayer,rockstratummatrix,parentrockfacieschangestrongrock,petentbedrockpetrofabricoverburdencrossbeddingbeddingplaneschistosity层理bedding板理(叶理)foliation波痕ripple-mark泥痕mudcrack雨痕raindropimprints造岩矿物rock-formingminerals粘土矿物claymineral高岭土kaolinite蒙脱石montmorillonite伊利石illite云母mica白云母muscovite黑云母biotite石英quartz长石feldspar正长石orthoclase斜长石plagioclase辉石pyroxene,picrite角闪石hornblende方解石calcite构造structure结构texture组构fabric(tissue)position结晶质crystalline非晶质amorphous产状attitude火成岩igneous岩浆岩magmaticrock火山岩(熔岩)lava火山volcano侵入岩intrusive(invade)rock喷出岩effusiverock深成岩plutonicrock浅成岩pypabysalrock酸性岩acidrock中性岩inter-mediaterock基性岩basicrock超基性岩ultrabasicrock5甘岩基rockbase(batholith)岩脉(墙)dike岩株rockstock岩流rockflow岩^olith(olite)岩盆rocklopolith岩墙rockdike岩床rocksill岩脉veindyke花岗岩granite斑岩porphyry玢岩porphyrite粘土clay流纹岩rhyolite粘粒claygrain正长岩syenite砂质粘土sandyclay粗面岩trachyte粘质砂土clayeysand闪长岩diorite壤土、亚粘土loam安山岩andesite砂壤土、亚砂土轻亚粘土 sandyloam辉长岩gabbro浮土、表土regolith(topsoil)玄武岩basalt黄土loess细晶岩aplite红十laterite伟晶岩pegmatite泥灰peat煌斑岩lamprophyre软泥ooze辉绿岩diabase淤泥mire,oozedmud,sludge,warp橄榄岩duniteclay黑曜岩obsidian冲积物(层)ia洪积物(层)proluvium,diluvium,diluvion火山集块岩volcanicagglomerate洪积的diluvial凝灰岩tuff坡积物(层)deluvium沉积岩sedimentaryrock残积物(层)eluvium碎屑岩clasticrock残积的eluvial粘土岩clayrock风积物(层)eoliandeposits粉砂质粘土岩siltyclaystone湖积物(层)lakedeposits化学岩chemicalrock海积物(层)marinedeposits生物岩biolith冰川沉积物(层)glacier(drift)deposits砾岩conglomer