文档介绍：摘要
改革开放30多年来,中国成功实现了从封闭半封闭向开放性经济的转变,特别是加入世界贸易组织之后,实现了贸易自由化,过去流行的出口导向和外向型经济已经发生了根本性的变化。对外开放特别是贸易开放已经成为中国市场经济体制的内在要求,保持外贸政策稳定和长期平衡发展已经成为中国贸易发展的重要内容。
2008年一场百年难遇的金融危机,在扰乱国际金融市场后,通过传递作用引起国际贸易市场的动荡。,%,,同2008年相比下降16%,陷入改革开放以来的最低谷。在世界经济萎靡,外部市场需求下降,贸易保护主义盛行的情况下,怎样突破重围,保持中国对外贸易持续发展成为大家研究的重点。围绕这一主线,在前人研究的基础上,通过分析国内外经济形势变化和中国对外贸易现状阐述对外贸易发展面临的问题,利用显示性比较优势指数和贸易竞争优势指数分析中国出口产品的比较优势和竞争优势,探讨中国对外贸易国际竞争力状况和危机后的变化趋势。
本文的研究结果表明:在金融危机引发一系列外部危机的重要战略期,中国要维持并提升对外贸易国际竞争力,应将当前全方位比较优势体现的短期竞争力与国家竞争优势形成的长期竞争力结合起来,将个别产业发展的局部竞争力与产业升级带来的综合竞争力结合起来,不应局限于企业和产业层面,更应该分析政府行为对国际竞争力的作用,将贸易政策、产业环境纳入到研究国际竞争力的过程中,通过企业创新、产业升级和国家调控,协调发挥作用。
关键词:外部危机,中国对外贸易,国际竞争力,显示性比较优势指数,贸易竞争优势指数
ABSTRACT
30 years of reform and opening up, China has essfully transformed from the closed and semi closed to open economic. After joining the World anization, China has achieved trade liberalization. Export-led and export-oriented economy has undergone fundamental changes. Opening up policy, especaily international trade has e the inherent requirement of market economy system. It is important to maintain stability and long-term balance of foreign trade policy in order to promote the trade development of China.
A centry financial crisis happened in 2008, disrupted the international financial market and international trade market through transitiveness. In 2009, China's foreign trade worth trillion USD, down %, with exports trillion USD pared with 2008, down 16%, falling into the trough since the reform and opening up. Now, facing the economic depression, external market demand declining and trade prtectionism prevailing, how to break the siege and keep sustainable development of foreign trade of China e the focus of this study. Around this main line, we described the facing problems by analyzing the economic situtation changes in domestic and international and foreign trade situation of China on the basis of previous research, and showed parative advantage petitiv