文档介绍：摘要
摘要
近年来,易制毒化学品和毒品走私日益严重,现有的气相色谱、拉曼光谱等
探测技术无法同时满足快速、准确和无损的检测需求。X 射线相干散射技术是一
种重要的物质识别技术,具有非破坏性、非接触性、低成本、高分辨率等优点,
被广泛应用于工农业及生物医学等方面。该技术可以在不破坏包装物的前提下,
利用 X 射线强的穿透能力穿透包装物并对包装物内部的物质从分子结构水平对
物质的本征结构进行分析。
本课题来源于国家自然科学重点基金:高速 X 光锥束三维成像与新型散射
方法探测毒品/爆炸物的原理及应用研究(编号:10635070)。本文利用本课题
组自主研制的能够进行快速检测的 X 射线相干散射试验平台,对多种易制毒化
学品进行了探测,由于一些液体易制毒的散射谱形状相似,无法直接进行分类识
别,因此将奇异值分解(SVD)的方法引入到对散射谱的处理上来,在研究现有
的特征提取算法的基础上,提出了一种基于散射谱基谱的 SVD 特征提取算法,
利用该算法提取的散射谱的特征能有效将多种易制毒化学品(包括散射谱十分相
似的样品)进行分类和区分。
本文在对易制毒化学品进行分类研究基础上,还通过采用基于支持向量机的
识别方法,对人体模型藏匿的毒品/爆炸物进行了探测识别研究,取得了较好的
识别效果,为将 X 射线相干散射技术应用到实际人体藏毒检测中做了一些探索
性的研究。
关键词:X 射线相干散射易制毒化学品奇异值分解毒品/爆炸物支持向
量机
I
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Recently, the smuggling and trafficking of precursor chemicals and drugs is
ing increasingly serious. The current gas chromatography and Raman
spectroscopy detection technologies cannot simultaneously have the all the properties
for rapid, accurate and non-destructive testing. X-ray coherent scattering technique is
an important material recognition technology with the advantages of non-destructive,
non-invasive, low-cost, high-resolution and so on. It is widely used in industry,
agriculture,bio-medicine and many other fields. With no need to destroy the
packaging, the strong ability to rate through packaging of X-ray is used to
analyze the intrinsic structure of the packaged sample within the level of the
molecular structure.
This research originates from National Natural Science Fund: Principles and
Applications of high speed three-dimensional image of X-ray scattering and new
methods for detecting drugs and explosives (Code: 10635070). In this paper, the
X-ray coherent scattering test platform which is independently developed by our
group is used to detect a variety of precursor chemicals. Due to the shape similarity of
scattering spectra of several samples, they cannot be directly classified. Therefore, the
method based on singular value position (SVD) is i