文档介绍：汕头大学
硕士学位论文
电子垃圾拆解区过渡金属暴露对学龄儿童肺功能的影响
姓名:郑桂娜
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:免疫学
指导教师:霍霞
2010-05
汕头大学医学院硕士学位论文
摘要

背景不当的电子垃圾拆解方式使得大量过渡金属释放到空气中。电子垃圾拆解区学龄儿
童的生活环境含有高浓度的过渡金属,但目前涉及吸入过渡金属微粒对学龄儿童的肺功能
影响的研究却十分有限对。
目的研究过渡金属在电子垃圾污染区学龄儿童体内的积累及对肺功能的影响。
方法选取在贵屿当地出生并长期居住的健康学龄儿童 71 例作为研究对象;以服装制造业
为主的两英镇同年龄段儿童 73 例作为对照人群。用呼吸量测定法检测用力肺活量,同时
检测血中铬,锰,镍的浓度,超氧化物歧化酶,过氧化氢酶,谷胱甘肽过氧化酶的活力及
丙二醛的含量。
结果暴露组学龄儿童的全血锰和血清镍的浓度明显高于对照组,而 8-9 岁年龄段的学龄
男童的用力肺活量值明显低于对照组。暴露组丙二醛水平和超氧化物歧化酶活性显着上
升,但谷胱甘肽过氧化酶和过氧化氢酶的活性有所下降。
结论本研究表明,电子垃圾拆解区学龄儿童在生活环境中的铬、锰、镍污染暴露导致了
铬、锰、镍在体内的大量蓄积,同时,这些过渡金属引起的氧化损伤与 8-9 岁学龄男童肺
功能下降有关。

关键词电子垃圾氧化应激抗氧化酶学龄儿童用力肺活量

I
汕头大学医学院硕士学位论文
Abstract

Background The inappropriate processing of electronic-waste contribute to the release of high
concentration of transition metals into the ambient air. School children living in residential areas
that have high various oxidant density are at risk of inhalation with some transition metal
particulate but there are few studies about the respiratory effects of school children.
Objective Our objective was to study transition metal accumulation in vivo and damage to
pulmonary function of school children from an e-waste recycling area in China.
Methods This was a cross-sectional study of 144 school children (8-13y) from an e-waste
recycling area and a non-polluted area. Spirometry was performed to assess lung function status.
The levels of transition metals, antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation of school
children were examined.
Results The concentrations of blood manganum (BMn) and serum nickel (SNi) in Guiyu
children were significantly higher than that in controls, however, the forced vital capacity (FVC)
value of boys aged 8-9y was significantly lower than that in controls. Malonaldehyde (MDA)
level and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities increased significantly in cases, but glutathione
peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) activities declined.
Conclusions