文档介绍：输血
blood transfusion
输血能够补充营养、增加机体抵抗力
输血量应该等于出血量
血越新鲜的越好;
本次课的主要内容
※输血的临床应用(clinical applications of transfusion)
成分输血(ponent therapy)
※plications of transfusion )
自体输血(autotransfusion)
History of Transfusion 1
1665 First transfusion (dog to dog)
1667 Dennis - first human transfusion (lamb’s blood)
1818 Blundell - first human transfusion with human blood
1900 Landsteiner - discovered ABO blood groups
1907 Ottenberg - introduced patibility testing
1914 Hustin - introduced citrate as anticoagulant
1915 Weil - introduced refrgerated storage of citrated blood
1936 "Blood banks" introduced
1940 Landsteiner & Wiener - discovered Rh system
1941 Strumia & McGraw - Plasma transfusions
1943 Loutit & Mollison - introduced ACD solution as preservative
History of Transfusion 2
Post World War II:
Expansion of Blood work
Use of plastic tubing & bags for storage
Development of ponent therapy
Testing of blood for infectious agents
autotransfusion
粗放型安全-节约型
输全血成分输血;
替补输血治疗性输血;
人的血源性制品生物技术制品;
异体输血自体输血。
第一节输血的临床应用
4、凝血功能障碍
※(一)适应证
1、创伤和失血
2、贫血或低蛋白血症
3、严重感染
ASA提出的输血指南
Hb < 60 g/L (急性贫血)应输浓缩红细胞
Hb > 100 g/L 不必输血
Hb 60~100 g/L 根据患者情况:
心血管功能、年龄、动脉血氧合情况、混合静脉血氧分压、心排出量和血容量以及外科因素