文档介绍：下部结构 substructure 桥墩 pier 墩身 pier body 墩帽 pier cap, pier coping 台帽 abutment cap, abutment coping 盖梁 bent cap 又称“帽梁”。重力式[桥]墩 gravity pier 实体[桥]墩 solid pier 空心[桥]墩 hollow pier 柱式[桥]墩 column pier, shaft pier 单柱式[桥]墩 single-columned pier, single shaft pier 双柱式[桥]墩 two-columned pier, two shaft pier 排架桩墩 pile-bent pier 丫形[桥]墩 Y-shaped pier 柔性墩 flexible pier 制动墩 braking pier, abutment pier 单向推力墩 single direction thrusted pier 抗撞墩 anti-collision pier 锚墩 anchor pier 辅助墩 auxiliary pier 破冰体 ice apron 防震挡块 anti-knock block, restrain block 桥台 abutment 台身 abutment body 前墙 front wall 又称“胸墙”。翼墙 wing wall 又称“耳墙”。 U 形桥台 U-abutment 八字形桥台 flare wing-walled abutment 一字形桥台 head wall abutment T 形桥台 T-abutment 箱形桥台 box type abutment 拱形桥台 arched abutment 重力式桥台 gravity abutment 埋置式桥台 buried abutment 扶壁式桥台 counterfort abutment, buttressed abutment 衡重式桥台 weight-balanced abutment 锚碇板式桥台 anchored bulkhead abutment 支撑式桥台 supported type abutment 又称“轻型桥台”。 posite abutment [桥] 台后回填 back filling behind abutment 桥梁基础 bridge foundation 浅基础 shallow foundation 深基础 deep foundation 明挖基础 open cut foundation 扩大基础 spread foundation 沉井基础 open caisson foundation 沉井刃脚 caisson cutting edge 气压沉箱基础 pneumatic caisson foundation 管柱基础 colonnade foundation 双壁钢围堰钻孔桩基础 double-walled steel cofferdam and bored pile foundation 墩式基础 pier-foundation 桩基础 pile foundation 排架桩基础 pile-bent foundation 高承台桩基础 high-rise platform pile foundation 桩 pile 单桩 individual pile, single pile 群桩 pile group 又称“桩群”。斜桩 battered pile, raked pile 锚桩 anchor pile 主桩 key pile 预制桩 precast pile [ 钢筋] 混凝土桩 concrete pile 预应力混凝土桩 prestressed concrete pile 木桩 timber pile 钢桩 steel pile 钢管桩 steel pipe pile 混凝土管桩 concrete pipe pile 钻孔桩 bored pile 就地灌注桩 cast-in-situ pile 沉管灌注桩 tube-sinking cast-in-situ pile 板桩 sheet pile 微型桩 mini-pile 又称“小型桩”。扩底桩 under-reamed pile 支挡桩 soldier pile 抗滑桩 anti-slide pile 排土桩 displacement pile 非排土桩 non-displacement pile 摩擦桩 friction pile 支承桩 bearing pile 嵌岩桩 socketed pile 挖孔桩 cast-in-situ pile by excavation 打入桩 driven pile 承台 bearin