文档介绍：15
Feed and Industrial Uses for
Cereals
Introduction two categories: wheat, oats, rice and sorghum, of
which about 7% of the entire crop in each case
The wor1dwide usage Of all the cereds’ gathered is used for industrial purposes, and barley, rye,
together, as revea1ed in the FAo Food Ba1ance
maize and millet, of which nearly twice as much
Sheets, is about 4% for seed, and the remainder
(12-15%) is used industrially.
almost equally shared between human food use
(49%) and animal feed plus ‘processing and other’
(principally industrial) use (47%). The last cate- Raw materials used for feed and
gory divides into about 37% for animal feed plus industrially
10% for industrial use. There is, however, con- The raw materials used for these purposes fall
siderable variation among the eight principal into three categories:
cereals, as shown in Table .
1. The whole grain as harvested, or perhaps with
a minimum of processing.
World Usage of the Principal 2. ponents of the grain which pro-
Cereals, 1984-86 average* vide the starting material for chemical process-
Processing ing. These would include starch, for production
Cereal Food Feed and other Seed of ethanol, and pentosans, for manufacture of
(Yo)
(Oh) (Yo) (%) furfural.
Wheat 3. By-products of the milling process, which are
Barley not usually suitable for human food, but which
Oats can be used for animal feed and for a wide
Rye
Rice range of industrial uses, including fillers, adhe-
Maize sives, abrasives, etc., besides the manufacture
Sorghum
Millet of furfural.
Total
Animal feed
* Source: FA0 Food Balance Sheets 1984-86. Food and
anization, Rome, 1990. Apart from usage for human food, animal feed
is by far the largest use for cereals - both whole
Thus, ve