文档介绍：河北大学
硕士学位论文
抑郁患者对情绪面孔注意偏向的抑制特点研究
姓名:郭艳梅
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:发展与教育心理学
指导教师:宋耀武
20100601
摘要
摘要
本研究同时采用 Stroop 范式、线索-靶子范式、负启动范式等三种实验范式,从注
意抑制机制的干扰抑制、返回抑制、分心抑制等三个方面,考察注意的抑制机制在抑郁
患者注意偏向中的作用及其特点。以正常被试组、抑郁状态组、轻度抑郁症组、重度抑
郁症组四部分被试为研究对象,考察抑郁症状的严重程度对注意偏向的影响。注意偏向
是指个体对特定刺激的高敏感性并伴随选择性注意。研究结论如下:
(1)在线索-靶子任务中,SOA 为 14ms 时,对高兴面孔四组被试均存在返回抑制效
应,对悲伤面孔重度抑郁症组存在线索效应,其他三组存在返回抑制效应;SOA为 250ms
时,对悲伤面孔四组被试均存在返回抑制效应,两抑郁症组与其他两组比较差异显著;
SOA 为 750ms 时,对悲伤面孔正常组、抑郁状态组存在返回抑制效应,两抑郁症组存在
线索效应。
(2)在 Stroop 任务中,在对词语性质判断的反应时上,四组之间比较差异显著,
正常对照组的反应时最短,其他三组随症状严重程度的加重逐渐延长;在四组被试中,
高兴面孔和悲伤面孔均表现出对词语性质判断的干扰效应,悲伤面孔的干扰效应更明
显;两抑郁症组内两两比较悲伤面孔和高兴面孔的干扰效应,差异显著。
(3)在负启动任务中,两抑郁症组同时表现出对悲伤面孔的过度易化效应和分心
抑制能力不足。
(4)这些结果提示,抑郁患者注意偏向的产生可能不是易化机制或抑制机制的单
一作用所致,是易化机制与抑制机制共同作用所致;而且抑郁状态个体与抑郁患者虽有
同样的情绪刺激加工倾向,但两者有本质的不同,前者是一种状态性的,后者是一种特
质性的。

关键词注意偏向抑郁返回抑制分心抑制干扰抑制
I
Abstract
Abstract
Three paradigms including the Stroop paradigm, cue-target and negative priming were
used to investigate the attention bias of depression in terms of inhibition mechanism, and to
explore the relationship between depression levels and attentional bias. The subjects were
divided into four groups: control group, depressive position group, mild depression group and
major depression group. Attentional bias refers to individuals high sensitivity panied by
selective attention to specific stimuli. The conclusions were as follows:
(1)In the cue-target task, when the SOA was 14ms, all four groups had IOR (inhibition of
return) effect for happy faces; for sad faces, the major depression group had cue effect and the
other three groups had IOR effect. When the SOA was 250ms, all four groups had IOR effect
for sad faces; and there is a significant difference between the 2 depression groups and the
other 2 groups. When the SOA was 750ms, for sad faces the control group and depressive
position group had IOR effect and the 2 depression groups had cue effect.
(2)In the Stroop task, in terms of word nature ju