文档介绍：UXO Vulnerability and Poverty Eradication
ERI, STEA, Lao PDR
Sub-regional Conference on Poverty Environment Nexus,
June 21 – 22, 2006, Vientiane, Lao PDR
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22% of villages in Lao PDR are contaminated with UXOs
Percent of Villages in District Having UXO problems

UXO problem High UXO problem
2
Approximately 580,000 aerial bombing missions dropped over two million tonnes of explosive ordnance.
Around 30% of explosives failed to function
15 of the country’s 18 provinces were significantly contaminated
22% of villages reported a presence of UXO
Over 50% of all agricultural land
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Numbers of UXOs found by villagers during
their daily activity within a year in 6 villages
Village
Number of UXOs found per year
Pak Xay
500
La Kai
1,800
Kroung
13,000
Bak
10,000
Ta Lang Mai
3,800
Trak
10,000
4
UXO contamination is correlated with higher district poverty
UXO contamination is one of the main causes of poverty and restricts the local potentials to increase their livelihood condition.
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Correlation between UXO Contamination and Key Indicators 1995 - 98
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Shares of total population in 6 villages in Kaleum district
Many remote districts in the South are mostly populated by small ethnic groups with special difficulties (Lao Theung)UXOs are an additional issue they have to cope with
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Selected Villages: Pak Xay, La Kai, Kroung, Bak, Proy, Trak
In Kaleum, high contamination is around district town
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In UXO affected villages, swidden agriculture is often one of the least dangerous activities
Where are UXOs in villages? What do they generate?
In swiddens: limited risk because UXOs explode when fire and no plowing
In paddy fields: Risk when plowing, impossible to open new paddy field unless decontamination
Along rivers: Risk when fishing and river water use and collection
In village center & along roads: Risk in daily activities, eg. cooking, impossible to build new school unless de