文档介绍：Unit 13
Restriction, Elevation and
Degradation of Meaning
Restriction of Meaning
Examples
liquor
Old Meaning
Specialized meaning
liquid
alcoholic drink
example
meat
Old Meaning
Specialized Meaning
food
Flesh of animals
word
Old meaning
Specialization
disease
fort
illness
poison
drink
Poisonous drink
wife
woman
married woman
accident
event
unlucky event
girl
A child
A female child
word
Old meaning
Specialization
starve
die
Die of hunger
stink
Any smell
Bad smell
ess
Result
a good result
corpse
a human or
animal body
living or dead
a dead body
esp. of a
human being
现代英语中把日常生活用语转用到科技方面,这也是词义缩小的一种现象。
A clean room 和 a white room均为日常生活用语,现指用于精密零件制造的“绝尘室”
“A clean room” or “ a white room”,increasingly es shop talk.
清洁室或称白室正日益变成专家们的行话。
Elevation of Meaning
Words often rise from a humble beginning to a position of greater importance. This change is called elevation of meaning.
Pioneer: foot soldier who cleared the way for any army by falling trees, etc.
A person who goes before,
preparing the way for others,
as a scientist doing
exploratory work