文档介绍：技术效率丶技术进步与东亚的经济增长——基于APEC视角的实证分析
技术效率、技术进步与东亚的经济增长
――基于APEC视角的实证分析
王兵(颜鹏飞
(暨南大学经济学院 510632) (武汉大学经济与管理学院 430072)
内容提要:本文运用DEA的方法测度了1960-2000年APEC17个国家和地区的技术效率、技术进步及曼奎斯特生产率指数,并且对APEC经济增长的趋同效应进行了实证检验。本文的主要结论是:美国和台湾的技术效率在所有的年份均为1,东亚经济的平均技术效率出现递减,其他APEC均技术效率则是递增的;但在东亚经济中,技术效率提高的作用要比在其他APEC国家中明显。东亚经济从整体来看,劳动生产率的增长主要由资本积累推动。不同于传统的研究,全要素生产率对新兴工业经济的贡献却达到了293>.53%,其中香港和新加坡的全要素生产率贡献则超过了50%。美国几乎每一年均扮演了“创新者”的角色,台湾和印度在许多年份也扮演了“创新者”的角色。在整个样本期存在显著的趋同,资本积累的是趋同最重要的源泉,而全要素生产率则使经济增长发散。
关键词: 技术效率技术进步全要素生产率曼奎斯特生产率指数趋同
英文标题: Technical Efficiency ,Technical Progress and East-Asian Economic Growth
——Empirical analysis based on APEC’s 5>view
Abstract: This paper measures,applying DEA,the technical efficiency,the technical progress and Malmquist productivity indexes in 17 countries and districts in APEC from 1960 to 2000;It has also testified empirically its convergence effect of economic growth. The major conclusions are as follows: USA and Taiwan have an efficiency score of one in all the years, the mean efficiency levels have decreased in East-Asian countries and increased in other APEC countries, but technical efficiency has a more important role in East-Asian countries. As a whole, the main contributor to labour productivity growth is capital accumulation. Unlike previous studies,we find TFP growth in East Asian NICs contributed % to its labour productivity growth,a contribution of exceed 50% in Singapore and Hong Kong. USA was the innovator alm
ost every year, both Taiwan and India join USA as the APEC innovators in many years. There was a significant convergence in the levels of labour productivity over the whole period. Capital accumulation was the most source of convergence, TFP was a significant source of divergence.
Keywords: Technical Efficiency ;Technical Progress;Total factor productivity;;Malmquist productivity index ;Convergence
一、引言
关于如何认识战后东亚经济的快速增长,国际学术界一直有争论,尤其1993 年世界银行对亚洲“四小龙”以及东南亚的泰国、马来西亚和印尼经济成就探讨的《东亚奇迹》一书的发表,更引起众说纷纭。在泰国爆发危机之后,克鲁格曼(1999)从Youn