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REVIEWS
COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE OF
HUMAN SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR
Ralph Adolphs
We are an intensely social species — it has been argued that our social nature defines what
makes us human, what makes us conscious or what gave us our large brains. As a new field,
the social brain sciences are probing the neural underpinnings of social behaviour and have
produced a banquet of data that are both tantalizing and deeply puzzling. We are finding new
links between emotion and reason, between action and perception, and between representations
of other people and ourselves. No less important are the links that are also being established
across disciplines to understand social behaviour, as neuroscientists, social psychologists,
anthropologists, ethologists and philosophers forge new collaborations.
COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE
COGNITIVELY RABLE A new field has emerged to investigate the cognitive not monolithic, but rather it consists of several tracks of
Processes that are not influenced neuroscience of social behaviour, the popularity of information processing that can be variously recruited
strategically by cognition. They which is attested by recent conferences, special issues depending on the circumstances. Specifying those
cannot be influenced at will, of journals1,2 and by books3,4. But the theoretical tracks, the conditions under which they are engaged,
and their engagement is beyond
our control. underpinnings of this new field derive from an uneasy how they interact, and how they must ultimately be
marriage of two different approaches to social behav- coordinated to regulate social behaviour in an adaptive
SELF-REGULATION iour: sociobiology and evolutionary psychology on the fashion, is the task faced by a neuroscientific approach
The ability to control one’s one hand, and social psychology on the other. The first to social cognition.
behaviour effortfully and often
in opposition to emotional drive approach treats the s