文档介绍：Self and Social Perception
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(In Press – To appear in A. Easton & N. Emery (eds.), Cognitive Neuroscience of Emotional and Social
Behavior. Philadelphia: Psychology Press)
The Self and Social Perception:
Three Kinds of Questions in Social Cognitive Neuroscience
Matthew D. Lieberman
Jennifer H. Pfeifer
University of California, Los Angeles
Running Head: SELF AND SOCIAL PERCEPTION
Keywords: social cognitive neuroscience, self, self-regulation, self-control social
perception, attribution, stereotyping
Correspondence should be addressed to:
Matthew Lieberman
Department of Psychology
Franz Hall
University of California, Los Angeles
Los Angeles, CA 90095-1563
EMAIL ******@
DO NOT CITE WITHOUT PERMISSION
Self and Social Perception
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The Self and Social Perception: Three Kinds of Questions in Social Cognitive Neuroscience
“A man has as many social selves as there are individuals who recognize him”
William James (1890), Principles of Psychology (Vol. I, p. 294)
“The world is twofold for man in accordance with his twofold nature.”
Martin Buber (1937), I and Thou (pp. 82)
A great deal of research in social psychology is motivated by one of two broad
goals: (a) to understand the mental processes involved in how people make sense of the
social world and (b) to understand how self-processes are shaped by the social world. In
other words, social psychologists are deeply interested in the interplay between
intrapersonal and interpersonal processes. In the final analysis, most social psychologists
agree that neither can be understood in isolation. Though many naively take for granted a
sovereign self that is essible to others and independent of their influence, the
opening quote from William James, as well as the theoretical and empirical history of
social psychology suggest that the development and maintenance of the self is shaped by
one’s situational context. Alternatively, many believe that perceiving the social world is
a