文档介绍：摘要汉人重孝,以孝治天下,祭祖作为祭祀和敬奉祖先的混合体,无论是在汉代的祭祀活动还是孝文化中都占据着举足轻重的位置。作为祭祖行为外在物化体现的宗庙制度、陵寝制度在两汉正处在变革时期,祭祖活动也随之发生变化。本文即是通过考察比较两汉宗庙制度、陵寝制度,对两汉时期的祭祖活动及其发展变化做出说明和分析。西汉初期宗庙设置零乱,不叙昭穆,不别尊卑差等。西汉中晚期宗庙有所改制,在此基础上,东汉确立宗庙“七庙”之制,并创建了为后世所效法的“同堂异室”的宗庙制度。关于陵寝,西汉采用帝后同茔别陵的葬制,东汉改为同穴合葬,且大幅提高陵寝祭祖的地位,出现了“陵崇庙杀”的格局;祭祖的主要场所也从西汉的宗庙变为东汉的陵寝;祭祖的文化构成中祖先崇拜的分量锐减,亲亲尊尊、崇宗敬祖的成分大增。宗庙、陵寝、祭祖主要场所的变化及祭祖文化构成的变化和当时的时代背景、社会风气、思想文化有着密切的关系。西汉,东汉,祭祖,宗庙,陵寝关键词 Abstract IntheHartDynasties,people emphasized progenitor mixed by ancestral worship andworship theirancestors,which took allimportant position intheworship activity andthe culture bethereflecting offeteprogenitor,temple system and tomb system are in achange period,which lead the sacrificial active was changed wi也them. Compared、航也ancestral temple systemand mausoleum system ofthe Han Dynasty,this articletries toexplain andanalyze itssacrificialactivitiesanddevelopments. Intheincipient stage ofWestern Han Dynasty,the ancestraltemple was orderless and had no temple didn’tdistinguished identity on thesocial institutionsreformation inlaterperiod oftheWestern HanDynasty,The Eastern Han Dynasty formulated the“Seven Temples System”and“Tong Tang Yi Shi”,which lead future generations themausoleum,the Eastern HanDynasty Emperor empress had the same grave,which Was different statusofEastern Han tomb worship raised,appeared new paRem whichnamed“Ling Chong MiaoSha'’.The ancestorworship ancestor worship culture position ofthe content dropped,respect situationwas connected withthe kind ofsituation,historicalbackground, socialvalues,ideology and cultureclosely. Key words: theWesternHan Dynasty;he Eastern HanDynasty,"Fete progenitor;ancestral temple system;mausoleum system 西北大学学位论文知识产权声明书本人完全了解西北大学关于收集、保存、使用学位论文的规定。学校有权保留并向国家有关部门或机构送交论文的复印件和电子版。本人允许论文被查阅和借阅。本人授权西北大学可以将本学位论文的全部或部分内容编入有关数据库进行检索,可以采用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编本学位论文。同时授权中国科学技术信息研究所等机构将本学位论文收录到《中国学位论文全文数据库》或其它相关数