文档介绍：Appendix:
Brief Description of
Major Political Movements under Mao
1. Yan’an Rectification (1942-1945). Launched in Yan’an, the revolutionary base
where the munist Party headquartered from 1935 to1947. Under the name
of “Rectifying Three Winds”(subjectivism, sectarianism, and stereotyped writing), this
movement aimed at establishing Mao’s ideological leadership in the Party. Political
challengers were cleansed under ideological “labels” such as “dogmatist” and
“empiricist”. The movement had three stages. First was a stage of “mass study”, in
which everyone was required to study specified documents (mostly works by Mao). The
second stage consisted of “examining cadres and purging anti-revolutionaries”, in which
political history and reliability of every one was scrutinized. The third stage, the
“salvation movement”, lasted from the spring of 1943 to the end of 1943. During this
phase of the movement, suspects were arrested, interrogated, or even tortured, with the
eventual aim of “salvaging” suspected conspirators.
2. Land Reform (1946-1953). Although the munist Party launched its
first land reform campaign beginning in the1920s, large-scale land reform was not carried
out until 1946 when the civil war began. The Land Reform movement confiscated lands
from landlords and rich peasants, then redistributed them to poor peasants an