文档介绍：英语语法被动语态
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目录
被动语态的构成
被动语态的使用要点
同学们的问题
练习题
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英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者，其构成为be+过去分词。
eg. They will widen the road .（主动）
The road will be widened.（被动）
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一般时态
进行时
完成时
现在
am
is asked
are
am
is being asked
are
has
been asked
have
过去
was
asked
were
was
being asked
were
had been asked
将来
shall
will
shall
have been asked
will
过去将来
should
be asked
would
should
have been asked
would
(一)1被动语态各种时态形式表
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2 情态动词的被动语态
含有情态动词的谓语变为被动态时，结构为：
一般形式：情态动词（can,could,may,must,might,must,should,need等)+be+过去分词
完成式：情态动词（can,could,may,must,might,must,should,need等)+have+过去分词
eg. This can be done by hand.
The project might have been completed earlier.
. They shouldn’t have been told about the plan.
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3 祈使句的被动态
（1）肯定祈使句的被动语态结构为：
let+宾语+be+过去分词
（2）否定祈使句的被动语态结构为：
don’t let+宾语+be+过去分词= let+宾语+not+be+过去分词
eg. Let us do it at once. (Let it be done at once.)
Don’t forget to water the flowers.
(Let it not be forgotten to water the flowers.
=Don’t let the flowers be forgotten to be watered.)
Note:，改为被动语态要用“By+特殊疑问句”结构
eg. Who invented the machine? (By whom was the machine invented?)
，改为被动语态要用疑问代词作主语
eg. What have you done to improve the quality?
(What has been done by you to improve the quality?)
3反问疑问词改为被动语态时，把宾语改为主语
eg. He can jump over the wall, can’t he?
(The wall can be jumped over by him, can’t it?
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二被动语态的使用要点

appear, rise, die, happen, occur, lie, belong to ,break out, take place 等都属于此类动词
Eg. Great changes have been taken place in my hometown.
Great changes have taken place in my hometown.（正确）

英语中有些动词（短语动词）表示某种状态或情况，有“拥有，容纳，适合，缺少，明白”等意，这类动词不能用于被动语态，常见的有：
lack, fit, mean, hold, have, cost, resemble（与….相似）,last, become, contain, fail等。
Eg. The