2019-2020年高考真题分类汇编（来源于15套）.doc

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2019-2020年高考真题分类汇编（来源于15套）
1. 走近细胞及细胞的物质组成·······································2
2. 细胞的结构····························································4
3. 物质的输入和输出···················································7
4. 酶与ATP································································7
5. 呼吸作用和光合作用················································9
6. 细胞的生命历程······················································23
7. 遗传规律·······························································27
8. 遗传的细胞基础······················································32
9. 伴性遗传和人类遗传病·············································34
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、育种与进化··········································44
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1、走近细胞及细胞的物质组成
（xx江苏卷）
A. 脂质不参与生命活动的调节 B. 蛋白质是生物体主要的能源物质
C. 核酸是生物体储存遗传信息的物质 D. 糖类不参与细胞识别和免疫调节
【答案】C
【解析】有的脂质参与生命活动的调节，如性激素（属于固醇类）参与激素调节，A错误；生物体主要的能源物质是糖类，B错误；核酸是生物体储存遗传信息的物质，DNA是主要的遗传物质，C正确；细胞识别主要与细胞表面的糖蛋白有关，糖蛋白是由多糖和蛋白质结合形成，D错误。
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【试题评价】该题对生物体内的有机物的基础知识，及与生命活动的关系进行考查，涉及面较宽，但难度不大，旨在考查学生的识记与理解能力。
（xx大纲卷），正确的是
A. HIV在活细胞外能大量增殖
B. HIV仅含有核糖体这一种细胞器
C. HIV主要攻击B细胞，使人体无法产生抗体
D. 艾滋病患者的血液中可以检出HIV这种病毒
【答案】D
【解析】HIV是病毒，必须依赖活细胞才能大量繁殖，A错误；HIV不含有核糖体，B错误；HIV主要攻击T细胞，C错误；HIV通过体液传播，所以在患者的血液中