文档介绍：Warm-up Exercise
People _________ (travel) long distances frequently have _________ (decide) whether they would prefer__________ (go) by land, sea, or air, Hardly anyone can positively enjoy __________ (sit) in a train for more than a few hours. Train Compartments are likely __________ (get) crowded and stuffy. It is almost impossible __________ (take) your mind off the journey. __________ (read) is only a partial solution, for the monotonous rhythm of the wheels __________ (click) on rails soon lulls you to sleep. At night, when you really wish __________ (go) to sleep, you rarely manage __________ (do) so. If you are lucky enough __________ (find) a couchette, you spend half the night __________ (stare) at the small blue light in the ceiling. As a result, you arrive at your destination almost __________ (exhaust).
第一页，共51页。
Non-Finite Verbs
非限定动词
又称
非谓语动词
第二页，共51页。
? Questions ?
为什么称为非限定动词？
不受主语的人称和数的限制
为什么称为非谓语动词？
不能单独作谓语
有几种形式？
不定式〔infinitive〕
动名词〔gerund〕
如今分词〔present participle〕
分词〔participle〕
过去分词〔past participle〕
第三页，共51页。
? Questions ?
可作什么句法成分？
主语
宾语
定语
补语
状语
不定式
+
+
+
+
+
动名词
+
+
+
+
-
分词
-
-
+
+
+
第四页，共51页。
Exercise & Explanation
Gap-Filling:
__________ (try) to forget one’s past is impossible．
(Trying/ To try)
动名词和不定式都可充当句子的主语。在多数情况下，选择动名词还是不定式作主语对句意影响不大。抽象，有普遍意义的或概念化的动作常用动名词。
有些动名词已几乎成为了表示动作的名词，如：reading，writing，swimming，smoking，jogging，learning，cooking。
True or False:
A. It is impossible to try to forget one’s past．
B. It is impossible trying to forget one’s past．
(A. True B. False)
句型：It is (im-)possible to do sth.
第五页，共51页。
OF or FOR
A. It’s difficult ____ us to get together .
B. It’s thoughtful ____ your mother to get the food ready
A. for B. of
句型：It is + adj. +