文档介绍：Operations Technology
Operations Management
petitive Advantage
CHASE AQUILANO JACOBS
ninth edition
Supplement C
Supplement C Operations Technology
Hardware Systems
Software Systems
Formula for Evaluating puter Integrated Manufacturing
Technologies in Services
Benefits
Risks
Hardware Systems
Numerically controlled (NC) machines
Machining centers
Industrial robots
Automated material handling (AMH) systems
Automated Storage and Retrieval Systems (AS/AR)
Automate Guided Vehicle (AGV)
Flexible manufacturing systems (FMS)
Formula for Evaluating a Robot Investment
The payback formula for an investment in robots is:
P = I
L – E + q(L + Z)
Where
P = Payback period in years
I = Total capital investment required in robot and accessories
L = Annual labor costs replaced by the robot (wage and benefit costs per worker times the number of shifts per day)
E = Annual maintenance cost for the robot
Z = Annual depreciation
q = Fractional speedup (or slowdown) factor (in decimals). Example: If robot produces 150 % of what the normal worker is capable of doing, the fractional speedup factor is .
Example of Evaluating a Robot Investment
Suppose pany wants to buy a robot. The bank wants to know what the payback period is before they will lend them the $120,000 the robot will cost. You have determined that the robot will replace one worker per shift, for a one shift operation. The annual savings per worker is $35,000. The annual maintenance cost for the robot is estimated at $5,000, with an annual depreciation of $12,000. The estimated productivity of the robot over the typical worker is 110%. What is the payback period of this robot?
P = I = 120,000 =
L–E+q(L + Z) 35,000–5,000+(35,000+12,000)
Software Systems
Computer-aided-design (CAD)
Computer-aided engineering (CAE)
Computer-aided process planning (CAPP)
Automated manufacturing planning and control systems (MP & CS)
Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM)
Product and process design
Planni