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布什诉戈尔案件事实
On Nｏvembeｒ 8, 2000, tｈe day followinｇ the Presidｅntial elｅｃｔｉon, thｅ Ｆlｏｒida Division oｆ Ｅlectiｏｎs ｒepｏrｔｅｄ thaｔ petiｔionｅｒ， Gｏvｅrnor Busｈ, had rｅｃeived 2,９09，１3５ ｖｏteｓ, anｄ rｅｓponｄｅnｔ， Viｃｅ Prｅｓiｄｅnt Gｏrｅ， had receivｅｄ ２,９０７，35１ ｖotes, a maｒgｉｎ of 1,７84 fｏｒ Ｇoｖeｒｎoｒ Ｂush． Becauｓｅ Gｏvｅrnor Bｕsｈ'ｓ margin ｏf ｖiｃtory ｗas ｌesｓ tｈan "ｏne-hａlｆ of a ｐeｒcent ． . . ｏf thｅ ｖoteｓ cａst，＂ an ａｕtoｍａtic mａchiｎe recouｎt was ｃoｎｄuｃｔed unｄer §10２．1４1(4） oｆ tｈe ｅlectiｏn cｏde, ｔhe ｒｅsuｌts ｏf ｗhich sｈoｗed Ｇovｅrnｏr Bush stiｌl wｉｎnｉng thｅ ｒace buｔ by a ｄiｍiｎｉshed margin. Viｃe Presｉdenｔ Gorｅ then ｓought mａｎｕaｌ rｅcouｎｔs in Voluｓia, Ｐalm Bｅacｈ, Ｂrｏwaｒd， anｄ Miａmｉ-Dａｄｅ Cｏｕnties， pursuant to Florida's elｅctｉｏn ｐrotesｔ ｐｒoｖiｓｉｏns． Fla. Stat. §102．16６ (２0０0）． A diｓpute arｏse ｃoncerninｇ tｈｅ deａdlｉne for lｏcal cｏuｎｔy canｖassiｎg boａｒds to suｂmit ｔｈｅir rｅｔuｒｎs ｔo tｈe Ｓｅｃrｅtary of Sｔate （Ｓecｒetary). The Sｅcrｅtary ｄｅcｌｉnｅd ｔｏ wａｉｖe ｔhe Ｎｏｖemｂｅr １4 dｅaｄlｉnｅ ｉmposed ｂy sｔatute. §§1０2．111， . Ｔhｅ Florｉdａ Ｓｕprｅme Cｏｕｒt， hｏｗever, sｅt thｅ deａｄｌinｅ ａｔ Noｖeｍｂｅr 26. Wｅ granｔｅd cｅrtiorari ａｎd ｖａｃaｔed thｅ Ｆｌoｒida Supremｅ Cｏurｔ＇s ｄｅcｉｓioｎ, ｆinding ｃonsｉdｅｒabｌｅ uncertaiｎtｙ as to ｔhe ｇrounｄｓ ｏn whicｈ ｉt ｗａｓ basｅd． Buｓh I, ante， at ＿__－_＿_ (ｓlip. oｐ., aｔ 6-７）． Oｎ Ｄｅcｅmber 1１, tｈe Fｌoｒidａ Supremｅ Cｏｕrt iｓsｕeｄ a dｅcｉsion on ｒeｍaｎd reｉnｓｔａting that dａte． __＿ So. 2ｄ ＿＿_， ＿_＿ (ｓliｐ op． ａt ３0-３1).
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Ｏｎ Ｎovember 2６, ｔｈe Flｏrｉｄａ Elections Canvassing Ｃommｉsｓion cｅrtifiｅｄ ｔhｅ resｕｌｔs ｏf the ｅlｅcｔioｎ aｎd ｄecｌared Ｇｏvｅrｎｏr Ｂｕsh ｔhｅ wiｎner oｆ Ｆｌoｒidａ＇s 2５ eｌectｏｒａｌ votｅs. Ｏｎ Noveｍｂeｒ ２7， Vicｅ Presiｄent Gorｅ, ｐurｓｕant ｔo Flｏrida's cｏnｔｅｓｔ provisions, ｆilｅｄ a ｃomｐlaint iｎ Leon Counｔy Circuit Court ｃontesｔｉｎｇ ｔhｅ ceｒtifｉｃaｔion. Ｆla. Stａt. § （２0０0）. Hｅ soｕｇｈt rｅｌｉef pursuａnt to §(3)（c), wｈｉｃh prｏｖiｄes that "［r］ｅｃeipt of a ｎuｍber of illｅｇal vｏｔｅs ｏｒ rejectioｎ of ａ nｕｍｂｅr ｏｆ legaｌ ｖｏteｓ ｓufｆicieｎｔ ｔo cｈange or plaｃe ｉn doubt ｔhｅ rｅsulｔ ｏｆ the eｌecｔｉｏn"sｈalｌ ｂe gｒ