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初中英语语法大全：现在完成时和过去完成
现在完成时 和过去完成
定义现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，其结果的确 和现在有联系。动作或状态发生在过去 但它的影响现在还存在；也可表 示持续到现在的动作或状态。其构成： 时间副词（如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960 ）时，
不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时。
（错） Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.
（对） Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night. 句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960 ）时，
不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时。
（错） Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.
（对） Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night. 用一般过去时代替完成时
1） 两个动作如按顺序发生， 又不强调先后， 或用 then ，and ，but 等 连词时，多用一般过去时。
When she saw the mouse
， she screamed.
My aunt gave me a hat and I lost it.
2 ) 两个动作相继发生，可用一般过去时；如第一个动作需要若干时间 完成，用过去完成时。
When I heard the news, I was very excited.
3) 叙述历史事实，可不用过去完成时，而只用一般过去时。
Our teacher told us that Columbus discovered America in 1492.
用于现在完成时的句型
1) It is the first / seco nd time ….that…结构中的从句部分，用现在 完成时。
It is the first time that I have visited the city.
It was the third time that the boy had been late.
2) This is the … that …结构， that 从句要用现在完成时 .
This is the best film that I've (ever) seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。
This is the first time (that) I've heard him sing. 这是我第一次
听他唱歌。
典型例题
(1) ---Do you know our town at all?
---No, this is the first time I ___ here.
A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming
答案 B. This is the first time 后面所加从句应为现在完成时，故
选 B 。
(2) ---Have you been to our town before?
---No, it's the first time I