文档介绍：关于英语修辞学
第一页，讲稿共二百二十页哦
英语修辞的一般规律与特点 General principles and features of English rhetoric
1. 关系词丰富，介词、连词、关系代词和关系副词等s Jefferson, and advocate of government by representatives chosen by all the people, and advocate of the universal right of free thought and free personal living and free religion and free expression of opinion and, above all, the right of free universal suffrage.
想必你们还记得，在我们获得政治自由之后，亚历山大·汉密尔顿和托马斯·杰弗逊两人在观点上发生了分歧。汉密尔顿对于由一小群热心公益且往往有钱的公民掌管的政府的优越性坚信不疑。杰弗逊则主张政府必须由全民选出的代表掌管。他还主张公民普遍享有思想自由、居住自由、宗教自由和***的权利，特别是享有普选权利。
第六页，讲稿共二百二十页哦
6. 英语大量使用抽象名词，这类名词涵义概括，指称笼统，覆盖面广，往往有一种“虚”、“泛”、“暗”、“曲”、“隐”的魅力，因而便于用来表达复杂的思想和微妙的情绪。
The signs of the times point to the necessity of the modification of the system of administration.
管理体制需要改革，这已越来越清楚了。
No year passes now without evidence of the truth of the statement that the work of government is becoming increasingly difficult.
行政管理工作已变得越来越困难了，每年都证明确实如此。
第七页，讲稿共二百二十页哦
What is Rhetoric?
第八页，讲稿共二百二十页哦
Why Do We Learn Rhetoric?
第九页，讲稿共二百二十页哦
To understand the author’s intention better.
To find out the common ways people know the world and ways people express themselves.
To appreciate the beauty, explicit or not, of the language.
To learn how to achieve an effective communication.
第十页，讲稿共二百二十页哦
Division of Rhetoric
Communicative Rhetoric 交际修辞
(Negative Rhetoric 消极修辞)
-- To add to people’s knowledge; accurate, plain;
Aesthetic Rhetoric 美学修辞
(Positive Rhetoric 积极修辞)
-- To get people affected, or moved; vivid, brilliant, colorful.
第十一页，讲稿共二百二十页哦
一、语义修辞
1明喻（simile）俗称直喻，是依据比喻和被比喻两种不同事物的相似关系而构成的修辞格。
snow was like a white blanket drawn over the field.
was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow.
认真观察以上各例，我们会发现它们的特点，由（as）... as, like等引导，这些引导词被称作比喻词（acknowledging word），它们是辨别明喻的最显著的特征，明喻较为直白，比喻物和被比喻物之间相似点较为明显，所以明喻是一种比较好判断的修辞手。
第十二页，讲稿共二百二十页哦
1. Simile(明喻)
拉丁语 similis (like)
parts : subject (主体) reference （喻体） indicator of resemblance （比喻词）
My love is like a red re