文档介绍:名词(一)---名词的种类及数量
,名词的分类
专有名词
China,Jim,theGreatWall个体名词bag,teacher,father-集体名词class,family,teaml物质名词water,milk,tea「抽象-buseswatch-watchesbrush-brushesclass-classes3)以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i再加es如city-citiescountry-countries注意:以元音字母+y结尾,直接加-s如day-daysboy-boys4)以f或fe结尾,复数变f或fe为v再加-es。
如knife-kniveshalf-halvesshelf-shelvesleaf-leaveswife-wiveslife-lives有一句顺口溜可以帮助记忆这些词:贼(thief)之妻(wife)叶子(leaf)用刀(knife)杀死了在书架(shelf)下偷吃半块(half)面包(loaf)的狼(wolf).
注意:-s,如roof-roofs.
,如:handkerchief-handkerchiefshandkerchieves
5)以。结尾。
-es。
如tomato-tomatoespotato-potatoesvolcano-volcanos
-s
如piano-pianoszoo-zoosphoto-photoskangaroo-kangarooskilo-kilos
1)兀音字母发生变化
如man-menwoman-womentooth-teethfoot-feetmouse-micepoliceman-policemen
policewoman-policewomen2)词尾发生变化如child-childrenox-oxen3)单复数形式相同如fish-fishsheep-sheepdeer-deerChinese-Chineseyuan-yuanjin-jin
Japanese-Japanese注意:不说anEnglish,要说anEnglishmano4)形似单数,实为复数意义。如people,thesepeople不说apeople可说aperson
police,tenpolice不说apolice,可说apoliceman5)由man和woman构成的合成名词,变复数时将名词及man,woman都变成复数。
如amandriver-mendriversawomandoctor-womendoctors
而以boy,girl,lady开头的复合名词变成复数时,一般只把后一名词变成复数。
如boystudent-boystudentsgirlfriend-girlfriendsladypilot-ladypilots6)合成名词变复数时,通常只将里面所含的主体名词变为复数。
如passer-by---passers-bybusdriver-busdrivers注意;如果没有主体名词,就在最后一词上加-s。
如grown-up---grown-upsletter-box---letter-boxes注意:hair和friut通常作单数,表示总体。若表示若干根头发或若干种水