文档介绍：非谓语动词
高中语法专项复****br/>非谓语动词
动名词
分词
现在分词
过去分词
动词不定式
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概述:
2. 非谓语动词:
在句子中担任谓语的动词
是动词的特殊形式,在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分
一个句子当中,已经存在一个主句(谓语动词),又没有连词的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时。
非谓语动词使用条件
She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat.
She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat.
1 The teachers sitting there are
from other schools.
表语
2 We saw some teachers sitting there.
宾语补足语
3 We need to be active in class.
宾语
谓语
宾语
主语
定语
系动词
划分句子成分
非谓语动词大都可在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等.
see you is glad.
=It’s glad to see you.
want to see you.
want him to see you.
hope is to see you.
is the man to see you.
’m glad to see you.
went to see you.
went so early as to see you
(作主语)
(作宾语)
(作宾补)
(作表语)
(作定语)
(状语)
(状语)
(状语)
is his favourite sport.
enjoys swimming.
found him swimming in the river.
favourite sport is swimming.
is the man swimming in the river just now.
17. Swimming in Summer ,we can get cool.
(作主语)
(作宾语)
(作宾补)
(作表语)
(作状语)
(作定语)
不定式
一. 动词不定式的基本构成:
由不定式符号to加动词原形构成。其否定式由not+不定式构成
肯定式:to do sth 否定式:not to do sth.
被动式:to be done 完成式:to have done
进行式:to be doing
二. 动词不定式的作用
动词不定式有副词,形容词和名词的特征,因此在句中可作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等成份。
动词不定式
To do that sort of thing is foolish。
I want to see you this evening
All you have to do is to finish it quickly.
We found a house to live in.
She came here to study English.
I warned the patient not to eat cold water after the operation.
主语
宾语
表语
定语
状语
宾补
(1)作主语
不定式做主语时,可以直接放在谓语动词之前。
To see is to believe.
Not to get there in time is your fault.
注:常用it做形式主语,将to do放在位于之后,使句子保持平衡。
句型1:It + 谓语+ to do
It takes us an hour ___ get there by bus.
句型2:It’s + n. + to do
It’s our duty __ help the poor.
It is a great enjoyment __ spend our holiday in the mountains
句型3:It is adj. for/of sb. to do sth.
It is + adj + for sb to do sth
It is + adj + of sb to do sth
(是形容人的品质的)
(是形容事物的性质的)
It is easy for me to finish this work befor