文档介绍：: .
华中科技大学 Von Hoerner 提出保型设计，射电望远镜在结
构设计上突破了重力极限，在与以前望远镜同等条件下能实现更大口径和更高精度，这使得射电观测波段往更
短的方向扩展。随着天文科学面向更短波段的毫米波和亚毫米波观测，仅通过结构保型设计的望远镜已无法满
足需求，天线保护罩、主动面控制等手段应运而生。当前大型亚毫米波望远镜已成为国际天文界的迫切需求，
即使上述手段发挥到了极限也无法达到其指标要求，因此必须在方法与技术上有大的革新。
关键词 望远镜结构；保型设计；大口径；高精度；主动面控制
中图分类号 P111 文献标志码 A
A review of the technical development of the structures of radio telescopes
ZHANG Mingzhu1，2 WANG Hairen1，2，3 ZUO Yingxi1，3 Gao Jingjing1，2
(1. Purple Mountain Observatory，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Nanjing 210034，China；2. School of Astronomy and Space
Science，University of Science and Technology of China，Nanjing 210034，China；3．Key Laboratory for Radio Astronomy，
Chinese Academy of Sciences，Nanjing 210034，China)
Abstract The paper mainly summarizes the technical innovations of the structures of radio telescopes for the unending pursuit of
astronomy. The target of the radio telescopes is aways to pursuit larger aperture, higher precision and wider bandwidth. However, the
performance of the telescopes is inevitably affected by gravity, temperature, surrounding temperature and so on. The early radio
telescopes, constrained by the technology as well as environmental conditions, could only operate at very low frequencies. The
limitations of gravity on telescope structure were broken through by the homology design theory, proposed by Von Hoerner. The
theory enables engineers to build the telescopes with larger aperture and higher accuracy in the same conditions. Thus, the oper