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By郭耀霞方士英
Abouttheauthor
JohnFowles(1926—2005),afamousBritishauthorintheliteraryworld,.
,hisfamilymovedtoDevon,'.
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TheFrenchLieutenant’sWoman
——JohnFowles
SetinVictorianage,itconcernsaloveaffairbetweenayounggentlemanandawomanwhoiscalledTheFrenchlieutenant’,Charles,,,atypicalVictorianwealthylady,buthecancelstheengagementaftermeetingwiththebeautiful,mysteriousSarahWoodruff,asocialoutcastknownlocallyastheso-,presentingdifferentendingsandencouraginghisreaderstoreachtheirownconclusions,whichmakesthisnovela“labyrinthwithoutanexit”
CONTENTS
ABSTRACT(ENGLISH)…………………………………………………….............i
ABSTRACT(CHINESE)...........................................................................................ii
CHAPTERIONEINTRODUCTION
’sWoman…..................................................................................……...............1
…...………...........………………….….……..1
’sWoman……………………...2
’sWoman……...……........4
………………………......………….….….8
CHAPTERTWOTHEFREEDOMOFCHARACTERS’CHOICES
1TheChoicesoftheSarah........................................................................11
2TheChoicesoftheCharles....................................................................14
CHAPTERTHREETHEFREEDOMVIEWSEMBODIEDINREBELLINGAGAINSTVICTORIANCONVENTIONALITY
1TherebellingbehaviorsofSarah...........................................................18
2TherebellingbehaviorsofCharles........................................................20
1TheAuthor’sFreeChoicesoftheNarrativeStructure...............................24
2TheReaders‟FreeChoicesoftheEnding..................................................25
.................................................................................................29
Literaturereview Accordingtothematerialsavailable,thepresentresearchesofthisnovelmainlycenteronthefollowingaspects:
,toanalyzethecharacterofeachfigureinthenovelandwhattheysignify.
'sWomanattractsthelargestamountsofinterestandcriticismmainlybecauseofitswritingskills.
3TheanalysisofSarahtheprotagonist:Mainlyanalysisofhercharacters,.
,anti-feminism,new-historicism,realism,postmodernism,.
Feminism:DeborahByrd,whocallsthisnovel“analmostidealfeministfictionalwork”andSarah“apositivemodel”inheressay“TheEvolutionandEmancipationofSarahWoodruff”in1984becauseofthedevelopmentofafeminineconsciousnessinSarahWoodruff.
An-tifeminism:MagaliCornierMichael,whorespondstoByrdin‘WhoisSarah?’ACritiqueofTheFrenchLieutenant’sWoman’sFeminism”declaresthatthisnovelhasbeeninappropriatelyevaluatedforitsfeminismbecausethetext’sperspectiveismaleandassertsthatthenovelfailsasafeminismstatementbecausethefigureofSarahisneverabletobreaktheboundariesofmalefantasy.
New-Historicism:RobertHuffakerinhisbookJohnFowles(1980)‘historiographic’metafiction’aboutVictorianism,inwhich“itstheoreticalself-awarenessofhistoryandfictionashumanconstructsismadethegroundsforitsrethinkingandreworkingoftheformsandcontentsofthepast
Realism:LovedaySimonarguesthatitistruethathisworksarewellsuppliedwiththekindofdocumentaryandhistoricalmaterialtowhichsuchrealisticjudgmentsCanbeapplied;Theycontaininequallysubstantialmeasureexamplesexactlythosekindsofcommentaryandjudgment”,buthealsoarguesthat“mostofthisessentiallydidacticmaterialhasnogenuineconnectionwiththefictionwhichsurroundsratherthanincorporatesit”
Postmodernism:“curiousamalgamofthenineteenthandtwentiethcenturies”,withamodern,cinematicpanorama’whichisof“long-shotsofthethreemajorparticipantsinthestory’’
Somecriticsexplorethenovel’,’workstoexaminecloselyonthegeneralissueofhumanfreedom.
ABriefIntroductiontoExistentialism
In1895,Originsofspeciesdestroyedallthetraditionalthoughts,demonstratingthathumansevolvedfromapes,,man’,theSecondWorldWarhadagreaterinfluenceonhumanconsciousness,.
JohnFowlesgavehisdefinitiontoexistentialfreedom:“awayoflookingat,andutilizing,.”