文档介绍：提高锅炉热效率的途径 The method of improving thermal efficiency of a boiler
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一、概述 General introduction 提高锅炉热效率的基本方向 The basic method of improving thermal efficiency of a boiler
提高锅炉热效率有两个基本方向:
The two sides of improving the thermal efficiency
,降低不完全燃烧热损失q3
和q4 。
Lowering the heat loss due to unburned q3 and q4 to improve bustion ,因此,重点要抓q4的降低。
The efficiency of traveling grate is surpass q3 more ,so the focus is cut q4 down.
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,降低排烟热损失和散热损失。
Lowering the heat loss due to exhaust gas to improving the efficiency of heat transfer.
排烟热损失常为使锅炉热效率降低的另一主要因素,而一般散热损失较小。
The other main element of reducing the boiler efficiency is the heat loss due to exhaust gas, but the normal heat loss due to radiation is less.
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二、提高锅炉燃烧效率(以层燃炉为例) Improving bustion efficiency (Layer burning furnace as an example )
basic concept of bustion
1)bustion :
燃料中的可燃物质与空气中的氧在一定温度下发
生剧烈的化学反应,发出光和热的现象。
Combustible material in the fuel and oxygen in the air to a certain temperature, the occurrence of violent chemical reaction sent the phenomenon of light and heat.
2)燃烧的三个条件 Three conditions bustion :
有可燃物、空气、达到可燃物的着火的温度。
They are fuel 、air and fuel to reach the temperature of the fire.
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3)bustion conditions:
(同时具备以下条件)(At the same time are as the follows)
燃烧温度,达到着火点并保持一定的温度,能连续燃烧直至燃尽;足够的空气量;良好的混合;充分的燃烧时间
在不同的燃烧阶段将由其中的一个或两个要素起主要作用。
Combustion temperature, reaching ignition point and maintaining a certain temperature, can continue to burn until the burning; enough air; well mixing and full of burning time of which will be one or two factors play a major role in different stages bustion.
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4)燃烧过程
bustion process is divided in to three phases: (分为三个阶段)着火前的热力准备阶段;着火燃烧阶段;燃尽阶段。
Thermal preparation phase before the fire; ignited stage; burn stage
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2. 层燃炉——链条炉的工作特点
The character of layer burning furnace and traveling grate furnace:
链条炉为单面点火的炉子,着火由上而下
进行,着火条件比较差,煤层与炉排