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加法性英语语法教学
加法性英语教学:类似于一种叠加的美式英语教学,如:1+2+1。
学****加法性”课程就可以学会以下知识:
1通晓词性名词、动词、冠词、副词、形容词、连词以及介词的基本用法。
2通晓主谓宾定状补语、区别时态用法、对英语的知识构架的有全面的认识。
3通晓句子的停顿、分析句子停顿。
4通晓句子的翻译顺序,两句子之间的翻译顺序,让学生的翻译水准趋向高水准。
5学完此书便可碾压式分析完型、阅读并且写出优秀的作文。
可自学或辅导
句子成分
prepVadvadjn
状语,主语+谓语+冠词/数词+副词+形容词+名词+补语+状语+非谓语...+状语
问:答:问:答:
1什么是状语?时间或/地点用什么来写?介词+短语、副词
2什么是主语?人或物用什么来写?短语
3什么是谓语?动词用什么来写?Be动词、实义动词
4什么是冠词?A/an/the用什么来写?A/an/the
5什么是数词?1、2、3、4、5……用什么来写?1、2、3、4、5……
6什么是副词?……地用什么来写?quickly
7什么是形词?……的用什么来写?beautiful
8什么是名词?人或物用什么来写?名词
9什么是补语?对名词补充说明用什么来写?短语
10什么是非语?句子里的第二个动词用什么来写?Todo、doing
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11什么是短语?冠词/数词+副词+形容用什么来写?Averybeautifuldog
词+名词
12什么是介词短语?介词+短语用什么来写?ataverysmallhome
介词积累表(45个):空白处自己填上
At在...for对于;为了towards朝向against与...相反
in在..to朝向without没有into进入
..之内with伴随
uponbybehindsince
upalongexceptuntil
fromdownunderafter
offabovebelowbefore
aboutoverbetweenamong
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asawaythroughacross
than比
举例子
Luozhixiangisabigbasketballfanandheisthetallestinourclassroom
Atschool,therearelotsofchildrenplayingbasketball.
sunyixingisn’tgoodatsoccer
Sunhongleigoestoschoolbybus
Zhangyishanvisitedthemuseumwithme
句子正常顺序(陈述句)
状语,主语+谓语+冠词/数词+副词+形容词+名词+补语+状语+非谓语...+状语
时间人动词a/an/the..地..的人补充时间
地点物1/2/3/4...物地点
介+介+
Ihaveaverybeautifuldogathome
Igaveherflowers
Athome,Ihaveacat
Pandasareveryquiet
Mydadhasthreecellphones
Tomorrow,Iwillgohishome
备注:
1、蓝体字中的“介”为“介词”;
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2、为短语,即冠词/数词+副词+形容词+名词;
3、名词分为宾语和表语;当谓语是Be动词时,名词为表语,当谓语是实义动词时,名词为宾语。
4、非谓语和谓语后面所连接句子成分一样,均为:冠词/数词+副词+形容词+名词+补语+
状语;
5、除了谓语必不可少以外,其他成分可增可减。
如:Ihaveaverybeautifuldog.
Ihaveadog.
八种时态
状语,主语+谓语+冠词/数词+副词+形容词+名词+补语+状语+非谓语...+状语
主动否定主动否定
be(am/is/are)(am/is/are)+notbe(was/were)(was/were)+not
一般现在时实(play,plays)don’t/doesn’t+play一般过去时实(played)didn’tplay
willbe(不变)wouldbe(不变)
一般将来时willplay过去将来时wouldplay
am
现在进行时is+playing过去进行时was+playing
arewere
现在完成时have+been过去完成时had+been
hasplayedplayed
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主动被动主动被动
be(am/is/are)ambe(was/were)was
一般现在时实(play,plays)is+played一般过去时实(played)were+played
are
willbe(不变)wouldbe(不变)
一般将来时willplaywillbeplayed过去将来时wouldplaywouldbeplayed
amam
现在进行时is+playingisbeingplayed过去进行时was+playingwasbeingplayed
arearewerewere
现在完成时have+beenhave+been+played过去完成时had+beenhadbeenplayed
hasplayedhasplayed
情态动词用法
状语,主语+谓语+冠词/数词+副词+形容词+名词+补语+状语+非谓语.....
must/haveto
状语,主语+can/could+be(不变)+冠词/数词+副词+形容词+名词.....
may/mightplay(不变)
shall/should
dare/need
must
状语,主语+can/could+beplaying+冠词/数词+副词+形容词+名词.....
may/might
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should
must
状语,主语+can/could+haveplayed+冠词/数词+副词+形容词+名词.....
may/might
should
need
句子叠加
(1)状语,主语+谓语+冠词/数词+副词+形容词+名词+补语+状语+非谓语...+状语
把(1)看作是一个整体那么,并列句结构为:(1)+and+(1)
but
Or
例子:Luozhixiangisabigbasketballfanandheisthetallestinourclassroom
luozhixiangdoesn’tlikepigsbutpandas
Songjiangmaybeplayingbaseballorwatchingmovies
when
把(1)看作是一个整体复合句第一种结构为(1)+if+(1)
how
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that
例子:IwillbuyacomputerifIhave5000yuan
IboughtabicyclewhenIwas12yearsold
IthinkthatIwillgotoAmericaoneday
Hedoesn’tknowhowhissisterfinishesthetask
When
把(1)看作是一个整体复合句第二种结构为If+(1),(1)
How
例子:ifIhave5000yuan,Iwillbuyacomputer
WhenIwas12yearsold,IboughtabicyclefromShanghai
一般疑问句顺序
一般现在时一般过去时
Am
Is+主语+冠词/数词+副词was+主语+冠词/数词+副词
Arewere
Do+主语+动词原形+冠词/数词+副词did+主语+动词原形+冠词/数词
Does
一般将来时过去将来时
will+主语+be(原形)+冠词..would+主语+be(原形)+冠词...
实(原形)实(原形)
现在进行时过去进行时
am
Is+主语+playing+冠词/数词+副词was+主语+playing+冠词
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Arewere
现在完成时过去完成时
Havebeenbeen
Has+主语+played+冠词/数词+副词Had+主语+played+冠词/数词+词
例子:(空白处自己填)
一般现在时一般过去时
Isheagoodstudentwasheagoodstudent
DoyouhaveagunDidhehaveagun
一般将来时过去将来时
Willhebeagoodstudentwouldheagoodstudent
Willyouhelpmewouldyouhelpme
现在进行时过去进行时
现在完成时过去完成时
情态动词的一般疑问句
Must
Can/Could+主语+be(不变)+冠词/数词+副词+形容词+名词.....
May/Mightplay(不变)
Shall/Should
例子:Canyoudrinkthreebottlesofbeers
特殊疑问句顺序
特殊疑问词+一般疑问句=特殊疑问句
↓
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Howmany
Howmuch
Wh-开头+一般疑问句=特殊疑问句
How
Wh-开头+名词
例子:
Howmanystudentsdoyouhave?
Howmuchmoneydoeshehave
Whatcanhisbrotherdo
Howdoyouknowthisfactwithoutnotice
Whatproblemdidyouhaveinyourclassroom
Whichtopichavealreadybeenverypopularontheinternet
自己造句
谓语和非谓语的关系
状语,主语+谓语+冠词/数词+副词+形容词+名词+补语+状语+非谓语..+状语
15词
(1)see、watch、lookat、observe、noticedo
(2)Keep、find、catch、leavedoing
(3)Make、let、havedone
(4)Hear、listento
(5)Feel
23词
Spend/enjoy/mind/consider/avoid/imagine/risk/appreciate/Finish/
fancy/practice/start/begin/worth/escape/forbid/delay/can’thelpdoing
Suggest/advise/allow/permit/admit/
7词
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Forget/remember
Try/regrettodo
Meandoing
Like/love
特例积累处
hadbetterdo
help
举例子:IsawhimkillObama
Isawhimplayingcomputergames
Isawhimkilledbyaknife
Hismotherkeephimwritingthehomework
Hismotherkeepamusinghim
Hismotherkeephimamused
Yaomingmakemewashhisclothes
Letusswimtogether
动名词作主语
Playingisveryinteresting
Playingfootballisquiterelaxing
WatchingTVathomeisreallywonderful
UnderstandingwhatIyouneedisreallyimportantbeforeyougraduatefromtheuniversity.
祈使句(知道对方是谁,可以省略主语)
Listen!Igotagoodnewstoshare
举例子
A:JackIdon’thaveenoughmoneytoaffordtheapartment.
B:don’,soyoucansave
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副词三功能(副词放置的位置)
Be+advadv
状语,主语+谓语+冠词/数词+副词+形容词+名词+补语+状语
Adv+实
very
Tomorrowrather
Todayquite
Sometimesisoften
arealways
oftenplay
neverplay
例子:Heoftenplaysbasketball
例子:sometimesIwillbuyspeciallyinterestingthingsformyson
状语,主语+谓语+冠词/数词+副词+形容词+名词+补语+状语+非谓语...+状语
副词修饰非谓语
例子Iwanttorunquickly
Idon’tknowhowtofinishthetask
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定语表语
状语,主语+谓语+冠词/数词+副词+形容词+名词+补语+状语+非谓语...+状语
宾语
连词连词连词连词连词连词连词连词连词连词
Whatwhetherwhowhomwhichwhosewhenwherewhyhow
名词名词名词名词形容词副词副词副词副词
定语从句that连词和名词其他从句that连词
状语--状语从句(状语位置用一个句子写)
WhenIwassevenyearsold,Icouldridethebicycle
IcouldridethebicyclewhenIwassevenyearsold
主语--主语从句(主语位置用一个句子写)
Whatyoucandoisreallyimportanttome
Itisreallyimportanttomethatyoucandosomething
表语--表语从句(表语位置用一个句子写)
Theproblemiswhatyoucando
TheproblemisthatIdon’thaveenoughmoneytobuyfood
宾语--宾语
从句(宾语位置用一个句子写)
Ithinkthatliudehuaisaprettygoodsinger
Iwonderwhetherliuxiangwillinvitemetohishomeornot
Idon’tknowwhatIcando
Jamesdoesn’tknowwherehecanplay
双宾语从句
Hetellmethatliudehuaisaprettygoodsinger
介词宾语从句
Ihaveadifferentideafromwhathesaid
下划线共用
Ithinkthatliudehuaisaprettygoodsingerandthatchenlongisagreatactor
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形容词--定语--定语从句(定语位置用一个句子写,有形容词的地方就可以用句子替换)
人(who、whom、that)逗号隔开不用that
补后面句子主语或名词物(which、that)补宾语可省略、介词不加that
补后面句子形容词(whose)
补后面句子副词(when、where、why、how)
例子:Iknowthestudentwhohaslonghair
Iknowthestudents,someofwhomcomefromJapan
Iknowthestudentswho/thatcomefromJapan
Iknowthestudentwhoseteacherjustarrangedalotofhomeworkforhim
Iwenttotheparkwhichhasfivelakes
IwenttotheparkwhereIfoundabeautifulbee
补语--补语从句(即同位语从句)=(补语位置用一个句子写)
IhaveagoodnewsthatIwillvisitShanghainextweek
特例分析:idon’tknowwhattodo
高级复合句分析(长难句)
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句子成分分析步骤(句号为中心--连词--谓语--介词)
SantaCanComebeforeChristmas
,whenayoungmanaskedme,
“Canyoutellmewherethemilkcounter(柜台)is?”
“Well,themilkisinthelowerrightcorner,”Ireplied.
AfterIpickedupmythings,IcametothemilkcounterwhereImetthesamemanwhoheld
almost10bottlesofmilk.
Iasked,“Doyouneedabasketoratrolley?”
“Sure,thankyou.”heanswered.
Iwassurprisedthathewasstillpickingmorebottlesandafterafewminuteshistrolleyhad24
bottlesofmilk.
Ilaughedandasked,”Whysomanybottles?”
Hesmiledandsaid,”,IwanttobeaSantaforthem.”
Isaid,”Well,it`stooearlyforyoutobeaSanta,ItisstillJuneandChristmascomesin
December.”Heturnedatmeandwalkedafewsteps,asifhewantedtosaysomethingbutheleftthe
,wemetagainatthebreadcounter.
“Sothesebreadandcakesarealsoforthestreetdogs,.”
Hesmiledandsaid,”Yes,
June,Santaisarepresentation(象征)
somepointoftime,
trolley,therewasahiddenSantainyou,Whenweofferfoodtoapoormanoraumbrellatosomeone
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whoiscaughtintherain,wearebeingSantathere,Sowhenyouofferhelptoothersorgethelpfrom
others,justthinkthatSantahascomeallthewayforyou.”
Christmas,Wejustneedtorealizethatheisaroundusbyspreadinghappinessandunconditionallove.
Billy’’tseewhatorangelookslike.
Billyisblind.
Amonthafterhewasborn,hismothernoticedthathiseyesweren’tquiteasbigasanormal
baby’s.”Billywouldneverbeabletosee.”’smotherbegan
talkingtohim,.
Billydoesnotonlydependonhismother’
feelsthingswithhishands,,hecantellthe
numberstheydial(拨).
,
makingthatarealpossibility.
“Youcan’tletexcusesgetinthewayofyourdreams,andifyoudothat,youcan’tmoveforwardand
reachyourgoals,“saidBilly.
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状语,主语+谓语+冠词/数词+副词+形容词+名词+补语+状语+非谓语...+状语
Haveyoueverwonderedwhatgoesthroughyourmindwhenyouchoosewheretositinanew
classroom?Orinawaitingroomfullofstrangers?Oronabus?Researchershavefoundoutsome
interestingfacts.
Perhapsunsurprisingly,
hair.
Weseemtobelievethatpeoplewithsimilarhabitsorhobbieswillsharesimilarattitudeandweare
morelikelytobeacceptedbypeoplelikeourselvesoreven,wethinkwemaybesaferwithpeoplewho
’struebutit'sapityifwealwayssticktothesamepeople,thesamegroup.
Thedangerinalwaysstayinginourcomfortzone(舒适区)isthatwejustrecyclethesameopinions,the
,findoutaboutinteresting
things,hearfunnystoriesanddiscoverdifference.
Whenwealwayssticktothesamepeople,howcanweeverbreakdownthebarrierswhichprevent
usfromgettingtoknowpeoplewithdifferentideas?Andhowcanweavoidtheignorance(无知),w