文档介绍：饮用水源保护区生态补偿标准修正核算方法
摘要:研究从“谁保护,谁受益”、“谁使用,谁付费”、“谁污染,谁负责”的角度出发,综合考虑生态保护总成本法、水资源价值法和水质补偿赔偿法的优点,确立了基于水量、水质修正系数的饮用水源保护区生态补偿标准核算方法,并以杨木水库为例估算了用水地区对杨木水库生活饮用水源保护区所在地的生态补偿额度:16 ,即用水地区每年向水源保护区所在地支付16 。所建核算方法避免了传统方法仅考虑单一因素的计算,较为全面的反映生活饮用水源保护区生态补偿的实际情况,对生态补偿机制的建立具有一定参考作用。
关键词:生态补偿;饮用水源保护区;杨木水库;生态保护总成本;水资源价值法;水质补偿赔偿法
中图分类号:X321 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1672-1683(2017)04-0094-07
Abstract:From the point of view of "whoever benefits from the environment must protect it","whoever uses natural resources must pay" and "whoever pollutes the environment must be held responsible for it",this prehensively reviews the advantages of the total cost of ecological protection method
,water resources value method,and water pensation method,and proposes a calculation method of pensation standards for drinking water source protection areas based on water quantity and water quality correction takes Yangmu Reservoir as an example,and estimates the pensation amount for the drinking water source protection area of Yangmu Reservoir: million Yuan / year;that is,the water-use area should pay million Yuan per year to the water source protection area as pensation method has avoided the defect of the traditional method,which only considers a single can reflect the actual situation of pensation for drinking water source protection areas,and can provide reference for the establishment of an pensation mechanism.
Key words:pensation;drinking water source protection areas;Yangmu reservoir;total cost of ecological protection method;water resources value method;water pensation method
生?B补偿制度建设是推进生态文明建设的重中之重。目前,国内外学者在生态补偿基础理论、资金筹措、运行机制以及评估等方向取得了丰富的研究成果
[1-8]。国内外政府对海域、森林、农田、水域等方面也进行了大量的生态补偿实践,并取得了相应的效果[9-11]。其中,水资源作为人类赖以生存发展之根底,饮用水源保护区的生态补偿成为了理论研究和实践的重点领域,怎样确定补偿额度则成为生态补偿的中心议题[12-16],将直接影响生态补偿理论与实践工作的科学性、可行性和成效。现阶段国内外已有若干水源地生态补偿额度的核算方法,但研究的角度多基于单一视角,没有同时从生态保护者、受益者、污染者等多角度出发统筹各方利益。为了避免现有方法单一因素的计算结果,综合考虑实际补偿工作中存在的环境保护成本、供水地区的机会损失、供水量、水